Religious experiences of persons with intellectual disabilities
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18778/1427-969X.23.03Keywords:
intellectual disability, religiosityAbstract
According to the socio-ecological model, intellectual disability is a multidimensional state of human existence, which is considered in relation to the requirements of the environment. One of the factors of this model, is the context, indicates that the functioning of a person with a disability is influenced by many internal characteristics of the person and their environment. They also include the spiritual and religious experiences of a person with intellectual disability. This article will discuss issues related to the religiosity of this group of people as important for their functioning. It includes a meta-analysis of the results of research on this issue. The cognitive, emotional-motivational and behavioral components of the religious attitude will be presented. These issues are relatively rarely discussed in the literature on the subject. The analysis of the literature on the subject shows that religiosity is of great importance for the functioning of people with intellectual disabilities. Religious experiences (emotional component) and religious practices (behavioral component) are of particular importance to them.
References
Bassett R.L., Perry K., Repass R., Silver E., Welch T. (1994). Perceptions of God among persons with mental retardation: A research note. Journal of Psychology and Theology, 22, 45–49. https://doi.org/10.1177/009164719402200105 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/009164719402200105
Carter E.W., Boehm T.L. (2019). Religious and spiritual expressions of young people with intellectual and developmental disabilities. Research and Practice for Persons with Severe Disabilities, 44, 37–52. https://doi.org/10.1177/1540796919828082 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1540796919828082
DSM-V (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, 5th ed. Washington DC: American Psychiatric Association.
Gaventa W.C. (2010a). Enhancing spiritual supports and faith community leadership: Unique opportunities for University Centers on intellectual disabilities. W: V.P. Prasher (ed.), Contemporary issues in intellectual disabilities (331–334). New York: Nova Science Publishers.
Gaventa W.C. (2010b). Faith, biotechnology and disability. W: V.P. Prasher (ed.), Contemporary issues in intellectual disabilities (335–339). New York: Nova Science Publishers.
Gaventa W.C. (2010c). Signs of the time: Interpreting developments in spiritual supports for people with ID through a theological lens. W: V.P. Prasher (ed.), Contemporary issues in intellectual disabilities (341–343). New York: Nova Science Publishers.
Golan Z. (2006). Pojęcie religijności. W: S. Głaz (red.), Podstawowe zagadnienia psychologii religii (71–79). Kraków: Wydawnictwo WAM.
Harris J.C. (2006). Intellectual disability. Understanding its development, causes, classification, evaluation, and treatment. Oxford: Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195178852.001.0001 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195178852.001.0001
Hoeksema T.B. (1995). Supporting the free exercise of religion in the group home context. Mental Retardation, 33, 289–294.
Hyla W. (2006). Rola Kościoła Katolickiego w rozwoju duchowości niepełnosprawnych. W: J. Patkiewicz (red.), Odpowiedzialność w obliczu niepełnosprawności (55–60). Wrocław: Studio Wydawniczo-Typograficzne „Typoscript” i Polskie Towarzystwo Walki z Kalectwem.
ICD-10/11, International Classification of Diseases 10/11th Revision, https://icd.who.int/browse11/l-m/en (dostęp: 10.11.2022).
Krupska J. (1988). Jean Vanier i jego dzieło. W: D. Kornas-Biela (red.), Osoba niepełnosprawna i jej miejsce w społeczeństwie (17–24). Lublin: Redakcja Wydawnictw KUL.
Lifshitz H., Glaubman R. (2007). Behavioral, cognitive, and emotional components of religious concepts among students defined as borderline and those with intellectual disability. Megamot, 43, 330–369.
Lifshitz H., Katz Y.J. (2009). Religious concepts among individuals with intellectual disability: A comparison between adolescents and adults. European Journal of Special Needs Education, 24, 183–201.
Lifshitz H., Weiss I., Fridel S., Glaubman R. (2009). Why individuals with intellectual disability turn to religion: Behavioral and psychological motives of adolescents and adults. Education and Training in Developmental Disabilities, 44, 196–206. https://doi.org/10.1080/08856250902793651 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/08856250902793651
Lowell E., Tonnsen B., Bailey D., Roberts J. (2017). The effects of optimism, religion, and hope on mood and anxiety disorders in women with the FMR1 premutation. Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 61, 916–927. https://doi.org/10.1111/jir.12409 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/jir.12409
Luckasson R. i in. (1992). Mental retardation. Definition, classification and systems of support. Washington DC: American Association on Mental Retardation.
Luckasson R. i in. (2002). Mental retardation. Definition, classification and systems of support. Washington DC: American Association on Mental Retardation.
Mathew S. (2020). Coping and perceived social support of adolescents with specific learning disabilities in South India. Learning Disabilities: A Contemporary Journal, 18(2), 167–175.
McNair J., Smith H.K. (1998). Community based natural support through local churches. Mental Retardation, 36, 237–241. https://doi.org/10.1352/0047-6765(1998)036<0237:CNSTLC>2.0.CO;2 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1352/0047-6765(1998)036<0237:CNSTLC>2.0.CO;2
Prężyna W. (1981). Funkcja postawy religijnej w osobowości człowieka. Lublin: Redakcja Wydawnictw KUL.
Prężyna W. (1988). Funkcja motywacyjna wartości religijnych w osobowości człowieka. W: A. Biela, Z. Uchnast, T. Witkowski (red.), Wykłady z psychologii w KUL w roku akademickim 1985/86 (261–275). Lublin: Redakcja Wydawnictw KUL.
Reiss S. (2000). Why people turn to religion: A motivational analysis. Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion, 56, 47–52. https://doi.org/10.1111/0021-8294.00004 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/0021-8294.00004
Reiss S., Havercamp S.M. (1998). Toward a comprehensive assessment of fundamental motivation: Factor structure of the Reiss Profiles. Psychological Assessment, 10, 97–106. https://doi.org/10.1037/1040-3590.10.2.97 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/1040-3590.10.2.97
Sałkowska A. (2010). Rodzinkowy system wychowania wg Siostry Jaroszewskiej. Niepublikowana praca magisterska. Warszawa: Akademia Pedagogiki Specjalnej.
Schalock R.L., Luckasson R., Tassé M.J. (2021). Intellectual disability: Definition, diagnosis, classification, and systems of supports, 12th ed. Washington DC: American Association on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities. https://doi.org/10.1352/1944-7558-126.6.439 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1352/1944-7558-126.6.439
Schalock R.L. i in. (2010). Intellectual disability. Definition, classification and systems of support. Washington DC: American Association on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities.
Schurter D. (2006). The religion and spirituality division of the American Association on Mental Retardation. Journal of Religion, Disability and Health, 10(1/2), 109–126. https://doi.org/10.1300/J095v10n01_08 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1300/J095v10n01_08
Shogren K.A., Rye M.S. (2005). Religion and individuals with intellectual disabilities: An exploratory study of self-reported perspectives. Journal of Religion, Disability and Health, 9(1), 29–53. https://doi.org/10.1300/J095v09n01_03 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1300/J095v09n01_03
Swinton J. (2002). Spirituality and the lives of people with learning disabilities. Tizard Learning Disability Review, 7, 29–35. https://doi.org/10.1108/13595474200200037 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/13595474200200037
Thompson J.R., Bryant B.R., Campbell E.M., Craig E.M.P., Hughes C.M., Rotholz D.A., Schalock R.L., Silverman W.P., Tasse M.J., Wehmeyer M.L. (2004). Supports intensity scale. Users manual. Washington DC: American Association on Mental Retardation. https://doi.org/10.1037/t02820-000 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/t02820-000
Thompson J.R., Bradley R.E., Buntinx W.H.E., Schalock R.L., Shogren K.A., Snell M.E., Wehmeyer M.L. with: Borthwick-Duffy S., Coulter D.L., Craig E.M., Gomez S., Lachapella Y., Luckasson R.A., Reeve A., Spreat S., Tasse M.J., Verdugo M., Yeager M.H. (2009). Conceptualizing supports and the support needs of people with intellectual disabilities. Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities, 47, 135–146. https://doi.org/10.1352/1934-9556-47.2.135 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1352/1934-9556-47.2.135
Tomasik E. (1997). Rewalidacyjne znaczenie wspólnot integracyjnych. W: E. Tomasik (red.), Wybrane zagadnienia z pedagogiki specjalnej (90–98). Warszawa: Szkoła Wyższa Psychologii Społecznej.
Turner S., Hatton Ch., Shah R., Stansfield J., Rahim N. (2004). Religious expression amongst adults with intellectual disabilities. Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities, 17, 161–171. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-3148.2004.00192.x DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-3148.2004.00192.x
Vanier J. (1988). Cierpienie osoby upośledzonej umysłowo. W: D. Kornas-Biela (red.), Osoba niepełnosprawna i jej miejsce w społeczeństwie (25–34). Lublin: Redakcja Wydawnictw KUL.
Vanier J. (1993). Zranione ciało. Warszawa: Wydawnictwo Księży Marianów.
Vanier J. (1994). Jezus, dar miłości. Poznań: Wydawnictwo „W drodze”.
Wehmeyer M.L., Buntinx H.E., Lachapelle Y., Luckasson R.A., Schalock R.L., Verdugo M.A., with: Borthwick-Duffy S., Bradley V., Craig E.M., Coulter D.L., Gomez S.C., Reeve A., Snell M.E., Spreat S., Tasse M.J., Thompson J.R., Yeager M.H. (2008). The intellectual disability construct and its relation to human functioning. Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities, 46(4), 311–318. https://doi.org/10.1352/1934-9556(2008)46[311:TIDCAI]2.0.CO;2 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1352/1934-9556(2008)46[311:TIDCAI]2.0.CO;2
Zasępa E. (2006). Religijność w życiu osób z niepełnosprawnością intelektualną. W: S. Głaz (red.), Podstawowe zagadnienia psychologii religii (533–545). Kraków: Wydawnictwo WAM.
Zasępa E. (2011). Zaburzenia behawioralne i emocjonalne oraz ich korelaty u osób dorosłych z lekką niepełnosprawnością intelektualną. Warszawa: Wydawnictwo Akademii Pedagogiki Specjalnej.
Zasępa E. (2014). Psychologiczne aspekty doświadczania żałoby u osób niepełnosprawnych intelektualnie. W: B. Antoszewska, J. Binnebesel (red.), Porozmawiajmy o śmierci… (282–309). Olsztyn: Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Warmińsko-Mazurskiego.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
