The Holodomor in Ukraine (1932–1933) in the Accounts and Assessments of the Ukrainian-language Hetmanite Press in the United States

Serhii Kornovenko; Oleksandr Trygub

doi:10.18778/1644-857X.25.01.06

Authors

Serhii Kornovenko Bohdan Khmelnytsky National University of Cherkasy https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6268-2321
Oleksandr Trygub Petro Mohyla Black Sea National University https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0610-1702

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18778/1644-857X.25.01.06

Keywords:

Hetmanite newspapers, ‘Sitch’, ‘Nash stiah’, Holodomor of 1932–1933, concept of genocide

Abstract

The article presents new findings on the Holodomor in Ukraine of 1932–1933, perceived as part of a planned genocide by the Soviet authorities. The paper is based on publications printed in the Hetman’s newspapers ‘Sich’ and ‘Nash stiah’, both published in the United States. These periodicals were the longest-running media outlets for the Ukrainian diaspora in the country, and their content was factually accurate. This led to the thesis that representatives of the Hetman’s movement perceived the Holodomor in Ukraine as a genocide carried out by the Soviet authorities, aiming to “destroy Ukraine’s identity”. The Hetman’s periodicals constitute a valuable source for research on both the history of the Hetman’s movement and the Holodomor. Articles published in the magazines ‘Sich’ and ‘Nash stiah’ reflect the active attitude of the Hetmanists in the USA, consciously aiming to shape an objective image and demonstrate the genocidal nature of the Holodomor in Ukraine.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Author Biographies

Serhii Kornovenko, Bohdan Khmelnytsky National University of Cherkasy

Serhii Kornovenko – is employed at the Department of Archaeology and Special Branches of Historical Science, Director of the Research Institute of Peasantry and Agrarian History of Bohdan Khmelnytsky National University of Cherkasy, Cherkasy, Ukraine. Doctor of Historical Sciences (2010), professor (2012). Author of 180 publications, author and co-author of 22 monographs, 4 textbooks, and 5 document collections. Chief editor of the scientific journal ‘Ukrainian Peasant’, member of the Editorial Board of the specialized historical journals ‘Eminak’ and ‘Acta historica Neosoliensia’. Chairman of the Cherkasy Regional (Oblast) Branch of the Ukrainian Academy of Historical Sciences; Deputy Chairman of the Scientific Society of Agricultural Historians of Borys Khmelnytsky National University of Cherkasy; member of the Center for Intellectual Property, Innovation and Project Management of Borys Khmelnytsky National University of Cherkasy, member of the Cherkasy Branch of the National Science and Technology Council, etc.
Research interests: agrarian history, history of agrarianism, history of the Holodomor-Genocide of 1932–1933, history of political movements, history of Ukraine and Central and South-Eastern Europe, anthropologically oriented history of modern times.
Oleksandr Trygub, Petro Mohyla Black Sea National University

Oleksandr Trygub – is employed at the Department of International Relations and Foreign Policy of Petro Mohyla Black Sea National University, Mykolaiv, Ukraine. Doctor of Historical Sciences (2010), professor (2014). Author of 310 publications, author and co-author of 7 monographs, 1 textbook. Chief editor of the scientific journal ‘Eminak’, member of the Editorial Board of the specialized historical journals: ‘Ukrainian Peasant’, ‘Analele Universităţii ‘Dunărea de Jos’ din Galaţi. Seria 19: Istorie’, ‘Danubius’, ‘Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Historica’ etc. Member of the board in History of Diplomacy and International Relations Society.
Research interests: history of the Russian Orthodox Church in Ukraine of 18^th–20^th centuries, Orthodox Church in international relations, history of Ukrainian lands in 19^th–20^th centuries, history of international relations in 19^th–20^th centuries.

References

Decree of the President of Ukraine No. 1310/98 ‘On the Establishment of the Day of Remembrance of Victims of Famines and Political Repressions’, “President of Ukraine: Official website”, https://www.president.gov.ua/documents/131098-5115 (accessed 21 April 2025).

Konventsiya pro zapobihannya zlochynu henotsydu ta pokarannya za nioho, Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine. Legislation of Ukraine, https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/995_155#Text (accessed 1 May 2025).

“Nash stiah” 1934–1935.

“Sitch” 1932–1934.

Antonovych M., Holodomor 1932–1933 rokiv v Ukrayini yak henotsyd ukrayinskoyi natsiyi: subyektyvna storona zlochynu, “Mandrivets” 2013, no. 6, pp. 4–9.

Borysenko V., Svicha pamyati. Usna istoriya pro henotsyd ukrayintsiv u 1932–1933 rokakh, Kyiv 2007.

The Famine-Genocide of 1932–1933 in Ukraine, ed. Yu. Shapoval, foreword L. Luciuk, Kingston 2005.

Franko V., Sho ya bachyv I perezhyv na radyanskiy Ukraini, “Sitch”, 12 V 1934, no. 19, pp. 1–2, 4; 19 V 1934, no. 20, pp. 1–3; 26 V 1934, no. 21, pp. 1–2.

Hai-Nyzhnyk P. P., Ukrainskyi natsional-konservatyzm: hetmanskyi rukh. Book 1: 1900–1936 rr., Kyiv 2023.

Holodomor 1932–1933 rokiv – henotsyd ukrayinskoho narodu. Masshtaby ta naslidky Holodomoru, [in:] Istoriya Ukrayiny. 1914–2014. Materialy do pidruchnyka dlya uchniv zahalnoosvitnikh shkil, ed. A. Kozytskyi, Lviv 2014, pp. 82–108.

Hudz V., Krasko N., The Communist Holodomor of 1932–1933 in Bulgarian Settlements of the Northern Azov Region, “Eminak” 2024, no. 3(47), pp. 313–328. https://doi.org/10.33782/eminak2024.3(47).742

Kolisnyk D., Hetmanska periodyka v Evropi na pochatku Druhoyi Svitovoyi viyny, “Humanitarnyi zhurnal” 2011, no. 3–4, pp. 155–166.

Kovalchuk O., Holodomor 1932–1933 rr. v USRR I ukrainska diaspora Pivnichnoyi Ameryky: informatyvni aspekty, “Ukrayina XX st.: kultura, ideolohiya, polityka” 2008, no. 14, pp. 377–400.

Kozytskyi A., Velyka brekhnya. Metody, naratyvy ta dynamika zaperechennya Holodomoru, Kharkiv 2023.

Kulchytskyi S., Holodomor 1932–1933 rr. v Ukrayini yak henotsyd, “Problemy istoriyi Ukrayiny: fakty, sudzhennya, poshuky” 2005, no. 14, pp. 225–300.

Marochko V., Henotsyd ukrayinskoho narodu (1932–1933 rr.), [in:] O. Veselova, V. Marochko, O. Movchan, Holodomory v Ukrayini 1921–1923, 1932–1933, 1946–1947: Zlochyny proty narodu, Kyiv–Nyu-York 2000, pp. 83–151.

Shapoval O., Rozbudova rabstva v Sovdepii, “Sitch”, 18 II 1933, no. 7, p. 2.

Shapoval O., Ukraina hyne! Shcho zh my maemo robyty?, “Sitch”, 2 IX 1933, no. 31, p. 4.

“Sitch”, [in:] Entsyklopediya ukrainoznavstva: slovnykova chastyna, ed. V. Kuboyovutch, vol. VIII, Paryzh–New-York 1976, p. 2847.

Slobodyan L., Holodomor 1932–33 rr. yak etnichnyy ta kulturno-dukhovnyi henotsyd ukrayinskoho narodu: istoriohrafiya pytannya, “Visnyk Akademiyi pratsi i sotsialnykh vidnosyn Federatsiyi profspilok Ukrayiny” 2013, no. 3, pp. 100–109.

S. F. (Praha), Po toi bik chervonoyi hrebli. Yak zhyvut nashi braty za kytaiskym murom, “Sitch”, 17 II 1934, no. 7, pp. 3–4.

Vasylenko V., Holodomor 1932–1933 rokiv yak zlochyn henotsydu: pravova otsinka, Kyiv 2009.

Veselova O., Uvichnennya pamyati zhertv holodu-henotsydu 1932–1933 rr. v Ukrayini, “Ukrayinskyi istorychnyi zhurnal” 2004, no. 2, pp. 50–67.

Vovchuk L., Kornovenko S., The Holodomor of 1932–1933 through the Eyes of Foreign Diplomats, “Eminak” 2019, no. 4(28), pp. 71–82. https://doi.org/10.33782/eminak2019.4(28).343

Vronska T., Ostashko T., Uchast ukrainskykh zarubizhnykh politychnykh ta hromadskykh orhanizatsiy v aktsiyakh protestu 30-kh rr. ХХ st. proty holodomoru v USRR, “Ukrainskyi istorychnyi zhurnal” 2003, no. 5, pp. 65–81.

Dmitriev S., Viktor Kondrashin: stydno, chto v Rosii net politiki po uvokevechivaniyu pamyati bezvinno pogibshykh, “RFI”, 29 XI 2013, https://www.rfi.fr/ru/ukraina/20131129-viktor-kondrashkin-stydno-chto-v-rossii-net-politiki-po-uvekovecheniyu-pamyati-bezv (accessed 7 May 2025).

Gubarets V., Ukrainska etnichna presa u Pivnichniy Amerytsi: istoriya I suchasnist, “Instytut zhurnalistyky” 2006, http://journlib.univ.kiev.ua/index.php?act=article&article=1451 (accessed 10 April 2025).

Hai-Nyzhnyk P. P., Nash stiah, [in:] Entsyklopediya suchasnoyi Ukrainy, Kyiv 2020, https://esu.com.ua/article-70996 (accessed 7 May 2025).

Hrynevych L., Holodomor kriz pryzmu imperializmu, “Lokalna istoriya”, 7 XI 2024, https://localhistory.org.ua/videos/bez-bromu/golodomor-kriz-prizmu-imperializmu-liudmila-grinevich/ (accessed 11 May 2025).

Korotkyi V., Shcho pysala tohochasna presa v Evropi pro Holodomor, “Ukrinform”, 25 XI 2023, https://www.ukrinform.ua/rubric-world/3791036-so-pisala-togocasna-presa-u-evropi-pro-golodomor.html (accessed 11 May 2025).