Farmers’ markets and community gardens in Slovakia: How do town authorities approach these phenomena?

Petra Hencelová; František Križan; Kristína Bilková

doi:10.18778/1231-1952.28.2.14

Authors

Petra Hencelová Comenius University in Bratislava, Department of Regional Geography and Regional Development, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Ilkovičova 6, 842 15 Bratislava, Slovakia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2336-059X
František Križan Comenius University in Bratislava
Kristína Bilková Slovak Academy of Sciences, Institute of Geography, Štefánikova 49, 814 73 Bratislava, Slovakia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8912-4450

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18778/1231-1952.28.2.14

Keywords:

farmers’ markets, community gardens, Slovakia, town authorities

Abstract

The aim of the paper is to evaluate alternative food networks (farmers’ markets and community gardens) in Slovak towns in order to determine the views of town self-governing authorities. Data was collected through a questionnaire sent to representatives of towns. The results have shown that only 39% of towns regularly organise farmers’ markets but, overall, 52% of towns support or plan to support their organisation. There are a total of 40 community gardens in 17 towns, mainly in the west of Slovakia. The paper discusses the ways in which Slovak towns support alternative food networks.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

ALKON, A. H. and CADJI, J. (2020), ‘Sowing seeds of displacement: Gentrification and food justice in Oakland, CA’, International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, 44 (1), pp. 108–123. https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-2427.12684 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-2427.12684

ANGUELOVSKI, I., CONNOLLY, J. J., GARCIA-LAMARCA, M., COLE, H. and PEARSALL, H. (2019), ‘New scholarly pathways on green gentrification: What does the urban «green turn» mean and where is it going?’, Progress in Human Geography, 43 (6), pp. 1064–1086. https://doi.org/10.1177/0309132518803799 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0309132518803799

BARBERA, F. and DAGNES, J. (2016), ‘Building alternatives from the bottom-up: The case of alternative food networks’, Agriculture and Agricultural Science Procedia, 8, pp. 324–331. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aaspro.2016.02.027 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aaspro.2016.02.027

BLAZEK, M. and ŠUŠKA, P. (2017), ‘Towards dialogic post-socialism: Relational geographies of Europe and the notion of community in urban activism in Bratislava’, Political Geography, 61, pp. 46–56. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polgeo.2017.06.007 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polgeo.2017.06.007

BONOW, M. and NORMARK, M. (2018), ‘Community gardening in Stockholm: participation, driving forces and the role of the municipality’, Renewable Agriculture and Food Systems, 33 (6), pp. 503–517. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1742170517000734 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S1742170517000734

DANSERO, E. and PUTTILLI, M. (2014), ‘Multiple territorialities of alternative food networks: six cases from Piedmont, Italy’, Local Environment, 19 (6), pp. 626–643. https://doi.org/10.1080/13549839.2013.836163 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/13549839.2013.836163

DURAM, L. and OBERHOLTZER, L. (2010), ‘A geographic approach to place and natural resource use in local food systems’, Renewable Agriculture and Food Systems, 25 (2), pp. 99–108. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1742170510000104 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S1742170510000104

DUŽÍ, B. and JAKUBÍNSKÝ, J. (2013), ‘Brownfield Dilemmas in the Transformation of Post-Communist Cities: A Case Study of Ostrava, Czech Republic’, Human Geographies, 7 (2), pp. 53–64. https://doi.org/10.5719/hgeo.2013.72.53 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5719/hgeo.2013.72.53

DUŽÍ, B., FRANTÁL, B. and ROJO, M. S. (2017), ‘The geography of urban agriculture: New trends and challenges’, Moravian Geographical Reports, 25 (3), pp. 130–138. https://doi.org/10.1515/mgr-2017-0012 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/mgr-2017-0012

DUŽÍ, B., TÓTH, A., BIHUŇOVÁ, M. and STOJANOV, R. (2014), ‘Challenges of urban agriculture: highlights on the Czech and Slovak Republic specifics’, Current Challenges of Central Europe: Society and Environment, Praha: Karolinum, pp. 82–107.

FEENSTRA, G. (1997), ‘Local food systems and sustainable communities’, American Journal of Alternative Agriculture, 12, pp. 28–36. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0889189300007165 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0889189300007165

GOULD, K. A. and LEWIS, T. L. (2016), Green gentrification: Urban sustainability and the struggle for environmental justice, New York: Routledge.

GUITART, D., PICKERING, C. and BYRNE, J. (2012), ‘Past results and future directions in urban community gardens research’, Urban Forestry & Urban Greening, 11 (4), pp. 364–373. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ufug.2012.06.007 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ufug.2012.06.007

HENCELOVÁ, P., KRIŽAN, F. and BILKOVÁ, K. (2020), ‘Klasifikácia a funkcia komunitných záhrad v meste (prípadová štúdia z Bratislavy)’, Sociológia, 52 (1), pp. 51–81. https://doi.org/10.31577/sociologia.2020.52.1.3 DOI: https://doi.org/10.31577/sociologia.2020.52.1.3

HENCELOVÁ, P., KRIŽAN, F., BILKOVÁ, K. and SLÁDEKOVÁ MADAJOVÁ, M. (2021), ‘Does visiting a community garden enhance social relations? Evidence from an East European city’, Norsk Geografisk Tidsskrift-Norwegian Journal of Geography, 75 (5), pp. 256–268. https://doi.org/10.1080/00291951.2021.2006770 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00291951.2021.2006770

HIRT, S. (2013), ‘Whatever happened to the (post) socialist city?’, Cities, 32, pp. S29–S38. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cities.2013.04.010 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cities.2013.04.010

HOWES, D. (ed.) (1996), Cross-cultural Consumption, London: Routledge.

JAROSZ, L. (2008), ‘The city in the country: Growing alternative food networks in Metropolitan areas’, Journal of Rural Studies, 24 (3), pp. 231–244. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrurstud.2007.10.002 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrurstud.2007.10.002

KITCHIN, R. and THRIFT, N. (2009), International encyclopedia of human geography, London: Elsevier.

KIZOS, T. and VAKOUFARIS, H. (2011), ‘Alternative Agri‐Food Geographies? Geographic Indications In Greece’, Tijdschrift voor Economische en Sociale Geografie, 102 (2), pp. 220–235. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9663.2010.00612.x DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9663.2010.00612.x

KOOPMANS, M. E., KEECH, D., SOVOVA, L. and REED, M. (2017), ‘Urban agriculture and placemaking: Narratives about place and space in Ghent, Brno and Bristol’, Moravian Geographical Reports, 25 (3), pp. 154–165. https://doi.org/10.1515/mgr-2017-0014 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/mgr-2017-0014

KRIŽAN, F. and BILKOVÁ, K. (2019), Geografia spotreby: úvod do problematiky, Bratislava, Univerzita Komenského v Bratislave.

KRIŽAN, F., BILKOVÁ, K. and HENCELOVÁ, P. (2019), ‘Maloobchod a spotreba’, [in:] GURŇÁK, D. et al., 30 rokov transformácie Slovenska. Bratislava, Univerzita Komenského v Bratislave, pp. 309–336.

MALÝ, J., DVOŘÁK, P. and ŠUŠKA, P. (2020), ‘Multiple transformations of post-socialist cities: Multiple outcomes?’ Cities, 107, 102901. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cities.2020.102901 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cities.2020.102901

MATACENA, R. (2016), ‘Linking alternative food networks and urban food policy: A step forward in the transition towards a sustainable and equitable food system?’ International Review of Social Research, 6 (1), pp. 49–58. https://doi.org/10.1515/irsr-2016-0007 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/irsr-2016-0007

MAYE, D. and KIRWAN, J. (2010), Alternative food networks, Sociology of Agriculture and Food Entry for Sociopedia.isa. Sage: Thousand Oaks.

MCCLINTOCK, N., MAHMOUDI, D., SIMPSON, M. and SANTOS, J. P. (2016), ‘Socio-spatial differentiation in the Sustainable City: A mixed-methods assessment of residential gardens in metropolitan Portland, Oregon, USA’, Landscape and Urban Planning, 148, pp. 1–16. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2015.12.008 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2015.12.008

PEARSON, L. J., PEARSON, L. and PEARSON, C. J. (2010), ‘Sustainable urban agriculture: stocktake and opportunities’, International Journal of Agricultural Sustainability, 8 (1–2), pp. 7–19. https://doi.org/10.3763/ijas.2009.0468 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3763/ijas.2009.0468

RENTING, H., MARSDEN, M. K. and BANKS, J. (2003), ‘Understanding alternative food networks: exploring the role of short food supply chains in rural development’, Environment and Planning A, 35 (3), pp. 391–411. https://doi.org/10.1068/a3510 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1068/a3510

ROEP, D. and WISKERKE, J. S. (2012), ‘On governance, embedding and marketing: reflections on the construction of alternative sustainable food networks’, Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Ethics, 25 (2), pp. 205–221. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10806-010-9286-y DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10806-010-9286-y

SAGE, C. (2003), ‘Social embeddedness and relations of regard: alternative ‘good food’ networks in south-west Ireland’, Journal of Rural Studies, 19 (1), pp. 47–60. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0743-0167(02)00044-X DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0743-0167(02)00044-X

SAUNDERS, B., KITZINGER, J. and KITZINGER, C. (2014), ‘Anonymising Interview Data: Challenges and Compromise in Practice’, Qualitative Research, 15 (5), pp. 616–632. https://doi.org/10.1177/1468794114550439 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1468794114550439

SCHMIDT, S., FINA, S. and SIEDENTOP, S. (2015), ‘Post-socialist sprawl: A cross-country comparison’, European Planning Studies, 23 (7), pp. 1357–1380. https://doi.org/10.1080/09654313.2014.933178 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/09654313.2014.933178

SCHRAM-BIJKERK, D., OTTE, P., DIRVEN, L. and BREURE, A. M. (2018), ‘Indicators to support healthy urban gardening in urban management’, Science of the Total Environment, 621, pp. 863–871. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.11.160 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.11.160

SIKORA-FERNANDEZ, D. (2018), ‘Smarter cities in post-socialist country: Example of Poland’, Cities, 78, pp. 52–59. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cities.2018.03.011 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cities.2018.03.011

SPILKOVA, J. (2012), ‘The birth of the Czech mall enthusiast: the transition of shopping habits from utilitarian to leisure shopping’, Geografie, 117 (1), pp. 21–32. https://doi.org/10.37040/geografie2012117010021 DOI: https://doi.org/10.37040/geografie2012117010021

SPILKOVÁ, J. et al. (2016), Alternativní potravinové sítě: Česká cesta, Praha: Karolinum.

SPILKOVÁ, J. and PERLÍN, R. (2013), ‘Farmers’ markets in Czechia: Risks and possibilities’, Journal of Rural Studies, 32, pp. 220–229. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrurstud.2013.07.001 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrurstud.2013.07.001

SPILKOVÁ, J. and VÁGNER, J. (2016), ‘The loss of land devoted to allotment gardening: The context of the contrasting pressures of urban planning, public and private interests in Prague, Czechia’, Land Use Policy, 52, pp. 232–239. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2015.12.031 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2015.12.031

SPILKOVÁ, J., FENDRYCHOVÁ, L. and SYROVÁTKOVÁ, M. (2013), ‘Farmers’ markets in Prague: a new challenge within the urban shoppingscape’, Agriculture and Human Values, 30 (2), pp. 179–191. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10460-012-9395-5 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10460-012-9395-5

SÝKORA, L. and BOUZAROVSKI, S. (2012), ‘Multiple transformations: Conceptualising the post-communist urban transition’, Urban Studies, 49 (1), pp. 43–60. https://doi.org/10.1177/0042098010397402 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0042098010397402

ŠKAMLOVÁ, L., WILKANIEC, A., SZCZEPAŃSKA, M., BAČÍK, V. and HENCELOVÁ, P. (2020), ‘The development process and effects from the management of community gardens in two post-socialist cites: Bratislava and Poznań’, Urban Forestry & Urban Greening, 48, 126572. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ufug.2019.126572 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ufug.2019.126572

ŠUŠKA, P. (2014), Aktívne občianstvo a politika premien mestského prostredia v postsocialistickej Bratislave, Bratislava: Geografický ústav SAV.

ŠVEDA, M. and ŠUŠKA, P. (2014), ‘K príčinám a dôsledkom živelnej suburbanizácie v zázemí Bratislavy: príklad obce Chorvátsky Grob’, Geografický časopis, 66 (3), pp. 225–246.

The Act No. 369/1990 Coll. on Municipal Establishment, https://portal.cor.europa.eu/divisionpowers/Pages/Slovakia.aspx.

The Slovak Union of Allotment and Leisure Gardeners (2012), Spravodajca, Výročie 55, Slovenský zväz záhradkárov 1957–2012, (1), pp. 6–11.

TREGEAR, A. (2011), ‘Progressing knowledge in alternative and local food networks: Critical reflections and a research agenda’, Journal of Rural Studies, 27 (4), pp. 419–430. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrurstud.2011.06.003 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrurstud.2011.06.003

WACHSMUTH, D. and ANGELO, H. (2018), ‘Green and gray: New ideologies of nature in urban sustainability policy’, Annals of the American Association of Geographers, 108 (4), pp. 1038–1056. https://doi.org/10.1080/24694452.2017.1417819 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/24694452.2017.1417819

ZOLL, F., SPECHT, K., OPITZ, I., SIEBERT, R., PIORR, A. and ZASADA, I. (2018), ‘Individual choice or collective action? Exploring consumer motives for participating in alternative food networks’, International Journal of Consumer Studies, 42 (1), pp. 101–110. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijcs.12405 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/ijcs.12405

ŽUDEL, J. (1973), ‘Trhové sféry na Slovensku v roku 1720’, Geografický časopis, 25 (4), pp. 299–312.