Tourism as an opportunity to effectively counteract marginalisation. The case of the Italian national strategy for inner areas

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18778/1231-1952.29.2.04

Keywords:

tourism, remote areas, EU cohesion policy, Italy, place-based approach

Abstract

Remote rural areas are often rich in natural and landscape assets, which are in turn used as the main focus of tourism development strategies aiming at reverting their decline. However, mono-functional strategies hardly manage to achieve this goal, as in order to restore those structural conditions that are essential to liveability and local development it is necessary to engage in a more comprehensive approach. Acknowledging this challenge, the paper reflects on the possibility to include tourism within multi-level development strategies aimed at tackling marginalisation, drawing on the case of the Italian National Strategy for Inner Areas. More in detail, the authors analyse how the latter enables the integration of tourism-related actions into more comprehensive, place-based development strategies that act upon the peculiarities of the territories they focus on through a mix of top-down and bottom-up logics.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

ASSUMMA, V., BOTTERO, M., CASSATELLA, C. and COTELLA, G. (2022), ‘Spatial planning and sustainable tourism in UNESCO wine regions: the case of the Langhe-Roero and Monferrato (Italy)’, European Spatial Research and Policy, 29 (2), pp. 93–113. https://doi.org/10.18778/1231-1952.29.2.06

BACCI, E., COTELLA, G. and VITALE BROVARONE, E. (2022), ‘Improving Accessibility to Reverse Marginalisation Processes in Valle Arroscia, Italy’, Rural Accessibility in European Regions, Routledge.

BARCA, F., CASAVOLA, P. and LUCATELLI, S. (eds) (2014), ‘A strategy for Inner Areas in Italy: Definition, objectives, tools and governance’, Materiali UVAL Series [Preprint], 31), http://old2018.agenziacoesione.gov.it/opencms/export/sites/dps/it/documentazione/servizi/materiali_uval/Documenti/MUVAL_31_Aree_interne_ENG.pdf [accessed on: 03.06.2022].

BERNABEI, G. (2021), ‘I distretti turistici come opportunità di sviluppo per le aree interne’, Centro Ricerche Documentazione e Studi Ferrara, https://www.cdscultura.com/2021/07/i-distretti-turistici-come-opportunita-di-sviluppo-per-le-aree-interne/ [accessed on: 03.06.2022].

BOHLIN, M., BRANDT, D. and ELBE, J. (2020), ‘Spatial Concentration of Tourism – a Case of Urban Supremacy’, Tourism Planning & Development, pp. 1–21. https://doi.org/10.1080/21568316.2020.1855239

BRAMWELL, B. (1994), ‘Rural tourism and sustainable rural tourism’, Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 2 (1–2), pp. 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1080/09669589409510679

BROUDER, P. (2012), ‘Tourism Development Against the Odds: The Tenacity of Tourism in Rural Areas’, Tourism Planning & Development, 9 (4), pp. 333–337. https://doi.org/10.1080/21568316.2012.726259

CAMARERO, L. and OLIVA, J. (2016), ‘Understanding Rural Change: Mobilities, Diversities, and Hybridizations’, Sociální studia/Social Studies, 13 (2), pp. 93–112. https://doi.org/10.5817/SOC2016-2-93

CONTI, E. (2018), L’impatto del turismo sulle aree interne: potenzialità di sviluppo e indicazioni di policy, IRPET – Istituto Regionale della Programmazione Economica della Toscana.

COTELLA, G. (2019), ‘The Urban Dimension of EU Cohesion Policy’, [in:] E. MEDEIROS (ed.), Territorial Cohesion: The Urban Dimension, Cham: Springer International Publishing (The Urban Book Series), pp. 133–151. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-03386-6_7

COTELLA, G. (2020), ‘How Europe hits home? The impact of European Union policies on territorial governance and spatial planning’, Géocarrefour, 94(94/3). https://doi.org/10.4000/geocarrefour.15648

COTELLA, G., RIVOLIN, U. J., PEDE, E. and PIOLETTI, M. (2021), ‘Multi-level regional development governance: A European typology’, European Spatial Research and Policy, 28 (1), pp. 201–221. https://doi.org/10.18778/1231-1952.28.1.11

COTELLA, G. and DĄBROWSKI, M. (2021), ‘EU Cohesion Policy as a driver of Europeanisation: a comparative analysis’, [in:] RAUHUT, D., SIELKER, F. and HUMER, A. (eds.) EU Cohesion Policy and Spatial Governance, Edward Elgar, pp. 48–65. https://doi.org/10.4337/9781839103582.00013

COTELLA, G. and VITALE BROVARONE, E. (2020a), ‘La Strategia Nazionale per le Aree Interne: una svolta place-based per le politiche regionali in Italia’, Archivio di Studi Urbani e Regionali, 129, pp. 22–46. https://doi.org/10.3280/ASUR2020-129002

COTELLA, G. and VITALE BROVARONE, E. (2020b), ‘Questioning urbanisation models in the face of Covid-19’, TeMA - Journal of Land Use, Mobility and Environment, Special issue Covid-19 vs City-20, pp. 105–118. https://doi.org/10.6092/1970-9870/6913

COTELLA, G. and VITALE BROVARONE, E. (2020c), ‘The Italian National Strategy for Inner Areas: A Place-Based Approach to Regional Development’, [in:] J. BAŃSKI (ed.), Dilemmas of Regional and Local Development, Routledge, pp. 50–71.

COTELLA, G. and VITALE BROVARONE, E. (2021), ‘Rethinking urbanisation after COVID-19: what role for the EU cohesion policy?’, Town Planning Review, 92 (3), pp. 411–418. https://doi.org/10.3828/tpr.2020.54

CUCCU, O. and SILVESTRI, F. (2019) ‘La Strategia Nazionale per le Aree Interne (SNAI) e la valorizzazione del patrimonio turistico per lo sviluppo locale’, Annali del turismo, VIII.

DEMATTEIS, G. (2009), ‘Polycentric urban regions in the Alpine space’, Urban Research & Practice, 2 (1), pp. 18–35. https://doi.org/10.1080/17535060902727017

ESPON (2019), ESPON URRUC – Urban-Rural Connectivity in Non-Metropolitan Regions. Targeted Analysis. Annex 6 – Case study report. Province of Imperia- Valle Arroscia, Italy. ESPON EGTC. https://www.espon.eu/URRUC [accessed on: 03.06.2022].

FELICE, E. and LEPORE, A. (2017), ‘State intervention and economic growth in Southern Italy: the rise and fall of the «Cassa per il Mezzogiorno» (1950–1986)’, Business History, 59 (3), pp. 319–341. https://doi.org/10.1080/00076791.2016.1174214

GALLENT, N. and GKARTZIOS, M. (2019), ‘Defining rurality and the scope of rural planning’, [in:] M. SCOTT, N. GALLENT, and M. GKARTZIOS (eds.), The Routledge Companion to Rural Planning. Routledge, pp. 17–27. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315102375-3

GALLENT, N. and TEWDWR-JONES, M. (2018), Rural Second Homes in Europe : Examining Housing Supply and Planning Control, Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315201979

GREFFE, X. (1994), ‘Is rural tourism a lever for economic and social development?’, Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 2 (1–2), pp. 22–40. https://doi.org/10.1080/09669589409510681

HALFACREE, K. H. (1995), ‘Talking about rurality: Social representations of the rural as expressed by residents of six English parishes’, Journal of Rural Studies, 11 (1), pp. 1–20. https://doi.org/10.1016/0743-0167(94)00039-C

HALL, C. M. and BOYD, S. (2004), Nature-based Tourism in Peripheral Areas: Development or Disaster?, Aspects of Tourism, 21, Channel View Publications, p. 281.

HARRISON, J. and HELEY, J. (2015), ‘Governing beyond the metropolis: Placing the rural in city-region development’, Urban Studies, 52 (6), pp. 1113–1133. https://doi.org/10.1177/0042098014532853

JAMAL, T. B. and GETZ, D. (1995), ‘Collaboration theory and community tourism planning’, Annals of Tourism Research, 22 (1), pp. 186–204. https://doi.org/10.1016/0160-7383(94)00067-3

KAUPPILA, P., SAARINEN, J. and LEINONEN, R. (2009), ‘Sustainable Tourism Planning and Regional Development in Peripheries: A Nordic View’, Scandinavian Journal of Hospitality and Tourism, 9 (4), pp. 424–435. https://doi.org/10.1080/15022250903175274

KAWULICH, B. B. (2005), ‘Participant observation as a data collection method’, Forum Qualitative Sozialforschung, 6 (2). https://doi.org/10.17169/fqs-6.2.466

KÜPPER, P., KUNDOLF, S., METTENBERGER, T. and TUITJER, G. (2018), ‘Rural regeneration strategies for declining regions: trade-off between novelty and practicability’, European Planning Studies, 26 (2), pp. 229–255. https://doi.org/10.1080/09654313.2017.1361583

LEŚNIEWSKA-NAPIERAŁA, K., PIELESIAK, I. and COTELLA, G. (2022), ‘Foreword’, European Spatial Research and Policy, 29 (2), pp. 9–15. https://doi.org/10.18778/1231-1952.29.2.01

LUCA, C. de, TONDELLI, S. and ÅBERG, H. E. (2020), ‘The Covid-19 pandemic effects in rural areas’, TeMA - Journal of Land Use, Mobility and Environment, pp. 119–132. https://doi.org/10.6092/1970-9870/6844

MANTEGAZZI, D., PEZZI, M. G. and PUNZIANO, G. (2021), ‘Tourism Planning and Tourism Development in the Italian Inner Areas: Assessing Coherence in Policy-Making Strategies’, [in:] M. FERRANTE, O. FRITZ, and Ö. ÖNER (eds.), Regional Science Perspectives on Tourism and Hospitality, Cham: Springer International Publishing (Advances in Spatial Science), pp. 447–475. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-61274-0_22

MIBACT (2016), Ministero dei beni e delle attività culturali e del turismo: Linee Guida per la Strategia Nazionale per le Aree Interne, p. 21.

MÖLLER, P. and AMCOFF, J. (2018), ‘Tourism’s localised population effect in the rural areas of Sweden’, Scandinavian Journal of Hospitality and Tourism, 18 (1), pp. 39–55. https://doi.org/10.1080/15022250.2016.1259584

NGUYEN, V. H. and FUNCK, C. (2019), ‘Tourism’s Contribution to an Equal Income Distribution: Perspectives from Local Enterprises’, Tourism Planning & Development, 16 (6), pp. 637–656. https://doi.org/10.1080/21568316.2018.1563564

OECD (2020), Policy Implications of Coronavirus Crisis for Rural Development OLIVA, J. and CAMARERO, L. (2019), ‘Mobilities, accessibility and social justice’, [in:] The Routledge Companion to Rural Planning, Routledge.

ROFE, M. W. (2013), ‘Considering the Limits of Rural Place Making Opportunities: Rural Dystopias and Dark Tourism’, Landscape Research, 38 (2), pp. 262–272. https://doi.org/10.1080/01426397.2012.694414

ROGERSON, C. M. and VAN DER MERWE, C. D. (2016), ‘Heritage tourism in the global South: Development impacts of the Cradle of Humankind World Heritage Site, South Africa’, Local Economy, 31 (1–2), pp. 234–248. https://doi.org/10.1177/0269094215614270

ROSALINA, P. D., DUPRE, K. and WANG, Y. (2021), ‘Rural tourism: A systematic literature review on definitions and challenges’, Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management, 47, pp. 134–149. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhtm.2021.03.001

ROXAS, F. M. Y., RIVERA, J. P. R. and GUTIERREZ, E. L. M. (2020), ‘Mapping stakeholders’ roles in governing sustainable tourism destinations’, Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management, 45, pp. 387–398. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhtm.2020.09.005

RYE, J. F. (2006), ‘Rural youths’ images of the rural’, Journal of Rural Studies, 22 (4), pp. 409–421. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrurstud.2006.01.005

SALVATORE, R., CHIODO, E. and FANTINI, A. (2018), ‘Tourism transition in peripheral rural areas: Theories, issues and strategies’, Annals of Tourism Research, 68, pp. 41–51. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2017.11.003

SAXENA, G. et al. (2007), ‘Conceptualizing Integrated Rural Tourism’, Tourism Geographies, 9 (4), pp. 347–370. https://doi.org/10.1080/14616680701647527

SCHMALLEGGER, D. and CARSON, D. (2010), ‘Is tourism just another staple? A new perspective on tourism in remote regions’, Current Issues in Tourism, 13 (3), pp. 201–221. https://doi.org/10.1080/13683500903359152

SINGHANIA, O., SWAIN, S. K. and GEORGE, B. (2022), ‘Interdependence and complementarity between rural development and rural tourism: a bibliometric analysis’, Rural Society, pp. 1–18. https://doi.org/10.1080/10371656.2022.2062198

SNAI (2018), Relazione annuale sulla Strategia Nazionale per le Aree Interne 2018. https://www.agenziacoesione.gov.it/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/Relazione_CIPE_ARINT_311218.pdf [accessed on: 03.06.2022].

TULUMELLO, S., COTELLA, G. and OTHENGRAFEN, F. (2020), ‘Spatial planning and territorial governance in Southern Europe between economic crisis and austerity policies’, International Planning Studies, 25 (1), pp. 72–87. https://doi.org/10.1080/13563475.2019.1701422

URSO, G. (2016), ‘Polycentric Development Policies: A Reflection on the Italian “National Strategy for Inner Areas”’, Procedia – Social and Behavioral Sciences, 223, pp. 456–461. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2016.05.275

URSO, G. (2021), ‘Metropolisation and the challenge of rural-urban dichotomies’, Urban Geography, 42, pp. 37–57. https://doi.org/10.1080/02723638.2020.1760536

VANHOVE, N. (2010), The Economics of Tourism Destinations. 2nd edition, London: Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780080969978

VITALE BROVARONE, E. (2022), ‘Accessibility and mobility in peripheral areas: a national place-based policy’, European Planning Studies, 30 (8), pp. 1444–1463. https://doi.org/10.1080/09654313.2021.1894098

VITALE BROVARONE, E. and COTELLA, G. (2020), ‘Improving Rural Accessibility: A Multilayer Approach’, Sustainability, 12 (7), p. 2876. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12072876

VITALE BROVARONE, E., COTELLA, G. and STARICCO, L. (eds.) (2022), Rural Accessibility in European Regions, New York: Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003083740

Downloads

Published

2022-11-17 — Updated on 2023-12-20

Versions

Issue

Section

Articles

How to Cite

Cotella, Giancarlo, and Elisabetta Vitale Brovarone. (2022) 2023. “Tourism As an Opportunity to Effectively Counteract Marginalisation. The Case of the Italian National Strategy for Inner Areas”. European Spatial Research and Policy 29 (2): 59-77. https://doi.org/10.18778/1231-1952.29.2.04.

Most read articles by the same author(s)