Motivational push and pull factors influencing intentions to revisit Jordan as a MICE destination
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18778/0867-5856.34.1.08Keywords:
push factors, pull factors, revisit intention, MICEAbstract
The main objective of this study is to examine the impact of push and pull factors on the intentions of international participants to revisit MICE events held in Amman, given that there are very few existing studies on the topic. This research is quantitative and employs a questionnaire method to collect data. For data analysis, partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) was utilized to test the research hypothesis with a purposive sample of 479 international visitors who had attended 14 MICE events held in Amman in 2022. The study revealed that networking opportunities, educational opportunities, destination image, travel cost, destination attraction and accessibility have a significant positive impact on revisit intentions. In terms of implications, these findings contribute to enriching push and pull theory in this context among MICE participants. In practical terms, the findings contribute to empowering planners, managers, marketers and organizers in the MICE industry in terms of creating and promoting effective strategies related to MICE tourism. The findings are anticipated to be useful for conference organizers, enabling them to attract repeat participants in this extremely competitive event industry.
Downloads
References
Abbasi, G.A., Kumaravelu, J., Goh, Y.-N., & Dara Singh, K.S. (2021). Understanding the intention to revisit a destination by expanding the theory of planned behaviour (TPB). Spanish Journal of Marketing – ESIC, 25(2), 282–311. https://doi.org/10.1108/SJME-12-2019-0109
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/SJME-12-2019-0109
Ajzen, I. (1991). The theory of planned behavior. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 50(2), 179–211. https://doi.org/10.1016/0749-5978(91)90020-T
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0749-5978(91)90020-T
Aktas, G., & Demirel, B. (2019). The genuine needs of conference attendees: An analysis by the modern quality function deployment. International Journal for Quality Research, 13(1), 13–32. https://doi.org/10.24874/ijqr13.01-02
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24874/IJQR13.01-02
Alananzeh, O. (2012). The roles and importance of promotion tools and destination attributes of MICE tourism on Jordan’s destination image formation [Doctoral dissertation, Universiti Utara Malaysia].
Google Scholar
UUM Electronic Theses and Dissertation. https://etd.uum.edu.my/3403/2/OMAR_ABEDALLA_AHMED_ALANANZEH.pdf
Google Scholar
Alananzeh, O., Al-Badarneh, M., Al-Mkhadmeh, A., & Jawabreh, O. (2019). Factors influencing MICE tourism stakeholders’ decision making: The case of Aqaba in Jordan. Journal of Convention & Event Tourism, 20(1), 24–43. https://doi.org/10.1080/15470148.2018.1526152
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/15470148.2018.1526152
Al-Dweik, M.R. (2020). Influence of event image and destination image on visitor satisfaction and intentions to revisit. African Journal of Hospitality, Tourism and Leisure, 9(4), 418–433. https://www.ajhtl.com/uploads/7/1/6/3/7163688/article_3_9_4__418-433.pdf
Google Scholar
Allameh, S.M., Khazaei Pool, J., Jaberi, A., Salehzadeh,R., & Asadi,H. (2015). Factors influencing sport tourists’ revisit intentions: The role and effect of destination image, perceived quality, perceived value and satisfaction. Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Logistics, 27(2), 191–207. https://doi.org/10.1108/apjml-122013-0159
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/APJML-12-2013-0159
Altareri, K. (2016). Development of multicultural MICE tourism in the Middle East: The case of Saudi Arabia [Doctoral dissertation, Victoria University]. VU Research Repository. https://vuir.vu.edu.au/33653/1/ALTERERI%20Khaled%20-%20thesis.pdf
Google Scholar
Anas, M.S., Maddiah, N.A., Eizamly, N.U.E.N., Sulaiman, N.A., & Wee, H. (2020). Key success factors toward MICE industry: A systematic literature review. Journal of Tourism, Hospitality & Culinary Arts (JTHCA), 12(1), 188–221. https://fhtm.uitm.edu.my/images/jthca/Vol12Issue1/Chap_13.pdf
Google Scholar
Baloglu, S., & Uysal, M. (1996). Market segments of push and pull motivations: A canonical correlation approach. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 8(3), 32–38. https://doi.org/10.1108/09596119610115989
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/09596119610115989
Baniya, R., Ghimire, S., & Phuyal, S. (2017). Push and pull factors and their effects on international tourists’ revisit intention to Nepal. The Gaze: Journal of Tourism and Hospitality, 8, 20–39. https://doi.org/10.3126/gaze.v8i0.17830
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3126/gaze.v8i0.17830
Baptista, E.A., Saldanha, E.S., & Vong, M. (2020). The mediating effect of tourist satisfaction among pull and push factors on tourists’ behavioural intentions. Timor-Leste Journal of Business and Management, 2(2), 66–70. https://doi.org/10.51703/bm.v2i2.9
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.51703/bm.v2i2.9
Barkiđija Sotošek, M. (2020). Relevant factors influencing convention attendees’ behavioural intentions – literature review. In I. Klopotan, K. Czako & V. Beker (Eds.), Economic and social development (pp. 201–212). Varaždin Development and Entrepreneurship Agency.
Google Scholar
Battour, M.M., Battor, M.M., & Ismail, M. (2012). The mediating role of tourist satisfaction: A study of Muslim tourists in Malaysia. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing, 29(3), 279–297. https://doi.org/10.1080/10548408.2012.666174
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/10548408.2012.666174
Bi, N., Yin, C.-Y., & Chen, Y. (2020). A bittersweet experience! The effect of mixed emotions on business tourists’ revisit intentions. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing, 37(6), 695–710. https://doi.org/10.1080/10548408.2020.1795047
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/10548408.2020.1795047
Cassar, J., Whitfield, J., & Chapman, A. (2020). Contemporary factors influencing association conference attendance. Journal of Convention & Event Tourism, 21(1), 57–90. https://doi.org/10.1080/15470148.2020.1719948
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/15470148.2020.1719948
Cho, H. (2021). How nostalgia forges place attachment and revisit intention: A moderated mediation model. Marketing Intelligence & Planning, 39(6), 856–870. https://doi.org/10.1108/mip-01-2021-0012
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/MIP-01-2021-0012
Choi, Y.G. (2013). Understanding conference attendee’s experience quality and value perception: The case of academic association conferences [Doctoral thesis, Kansas State University]. CORE. https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/18529271.pdf
Google Scholar
Cohen, J. (1988). Statistical power analysis for the behavioural sciences. Academic Press.
Google Scholar
Cró, S., & Martins, A.M. (2018). International association meetings: Importance of destination attributes. Journal of Vacation Marketing, 24(3), 218–233. https://doi.org/10.1177/1356766717696535
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1356766717696535
Crompton, J.L. (1979). Motivations for pleasure vacation. Annals of Tourism Research, 6(4), 408–424. https://doi.org/10.1016/01607383(79)90004-5
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0160-7383(79)90004-5
Crouch, G.I., Del Chiappa, G., & Perdue, R.R. (2019). International convention tourism: A choice modelling experiment of host city competition. Tourism Management, 71, 530–542. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2018.10.002
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2018.10.002
Ćulić, M., Vujičić, M.D., Kalinić, Č., Dunjić, M., Stankov, U.,Kovačić, S., Vasiljević, Đ.A., & Anđelković, Ž. (2021). Rookie tourism destinations – the effects of attractiveness factors on destination image and revisit intention with the satisfaction mediation effect. Sustainability, 13(11), Article 5780. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13115780
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/su13115780
Dann, G.M.S. (1977). Anomie, ego-enhancement and tourism. Annals of Tourism Research, 4(4), 184–194. http://doi.org/10.1016/01607383(77)90037-8
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0160-7383(77)90037-8
Dann, G.M.S. (1981). Tourist motivation an appraisal. Annals of Tourism Research, 8(2), 187–219. https://doi.org/10.1016/01607383(81)90082-7
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0160-7383(81)90082-7
Dayour, F., & Atanga Adongo, C. (2015). Why they go there: International tourists’ motivations and revisit intention to northern Ghana. American Journal of Tourism Management, 4(1), 7–17.
Google Scholar
De Nisco, A., Mainolfi, G., Marino, V., & Napolitano, M.R. (2015). Tourism satisfaction effect on general country image, destination image, and post-visit intentions. Journal of Vacation Marketing, 21(4), 305–317. https://doi.org/10.1177/1356766715577502
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1356766715577502
Dimitrovski, D., Seočanac, M., & Luković, M. (2021). Business events at a spa destination: An insight into senior participant motivation. International Journal of Tourism Cities, 7(1), 13–31. https://doi.org/10.1108/ijtc-04-2019-0054
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/IJTC-04-2019-0054
Dragin-Jensen, C., Schnittka, O., Feddersen, A., Kottemann, P., & Rezvani, Z. (2018). They come from near and far: The impact of spatial distance to event location on event attendance motivations. Scandinavian Journal of Hospitality and Tourism, 18(sup1), S87–S100. https://doi.org/10.1080/15022250.2018.1518155
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/15022250.2018.1518155
Elston, K., & Draper, J. (2012). A review of meeting planner site selection criteria research. Journal of Convention & Event Tourism, 13(3), 203–220. https://doi.org/10.1080/15470148.2012.715269
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/15470148.2012.715269
Fila Hidayana, F., Suryawardani, I.G.A.O., & Wiranatha, A.S. (2019). The influence of tourists’ motivation on intention to revisit at the traditional village of Prai Ijing, Waikabubak, West Sumba, East Nusa Tenggara. E-Journal of Tourism, 6(2), 303–321. https://doi.org/10.24922/eot.v6i2.53750
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24922/eot.v6i2.53750
Fitri, N. (2021). Effects of novelty seeking, destination image, and perceived value through satisfaction on revisit intention to MICE destinations. Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Science, Technology, and Modern Society (ICSTMS 2020), 576, 48–51. https://doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.210909.012
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.210909.012
Fornell, C., & Larcker, D.F. (1981). Structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error: Algebra and statistics. Journal of Marketing Research, 18(3), 382–388. https://doi.org/10.2307/3150980
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/002224378101800313
Gedeon, S., & Al-Qasem, L. (2019, May). Jordan’s ICT sector analysis and strategy for sectoral improvement. Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ). https://d-nb.info/1195898339/34
Google Scholar
Giao, H.N.K., Ngan, N.T.K., Phuc, N.P.H., Tuan, H.Q., Hong, H.K., Anh, H.D.T., Nhu, D.T.H., & Lan, N.T. (2020). How destination image factors affect domestic tourists revisit intention to Ba Ria-Vung Tau province, Vietnam. The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business, 7(6), 209–220. https://doi.org/10.13106/jafeb.2020.vol7.no6.209
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.13106/jafeb.2020.vol7.no6.209
Go, F.M., & Govers, R. (1999). The Asian perspective: Which international conference destinations in Asia are the most competitive? Journal of Convention & Exhibition Management, 1(4), 37–50. https://doi.org/10.1300/J143v01n04_04
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1300/J143v01n04_04
Gračan, D., Barkiđija Sotošek, M., & Torbarina, M. (2021). The effect of the convention specific dimensions on universities teaching staff behavioral intention. Tourism and Hospitality Management, 27(1), 99–118. https://doi.org/10.20867/thm.27.1.7
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.20867/thm.27.1.7
Grant, Y.N.J., & Weaver, P.A. (1996). The meeting selection process: A demographic profile of attendees clustered by criteria utilized in selecting meetings. Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Research, 20(1), 57–71. https://doi.org/10.1177/109634809602000106
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/109634809602000106
Hair, J.F., Hult, G.T.M., Ringle, C.M., & Sarstedt, M. (2017). A primer on partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). SAGE Publications.
Google Scholar
Hair, J.F., Ringle, C.M., & Sarstedt, M. (2011). PLS-SEM: Indeed a silver bullet. Journal of Marketing Theory and Practice, 19(2), 139–152. https://doi.org/10.2753/MTP1069-6679190202
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2753/MTP1069-6679190202
Hair, J., Jr., Sarstedt, M., Hopkins, L., & Kuppelwieser, V.G. (2014). Partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM): An emerging tool in business research. European Business Review, 26(2), 106–121. https://doi.org/10.1108/ebr-10-2013-0128
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/EBR-10-2013-0128
Hashemi, S., Marzuki, A., &Kiumarsi, S. (2018). Perceived conference quality: Evidence from Malaysia. In L.A. Cai & P. Alaedini (Eds.), Bridging tourism theory and practice: Vol. 9: Quality services and experiences in hospitality and tourism (pp. 165–180). Emerald Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1108/S2042-144320180000009012
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/S2042-144320180000009012
Hashemi, S., Marzuki, A., Mohammed, H.J., & Kiumarsi, S. (2020). The effects of perceived conference quality on attendees’ behavioural intentions. Anatolia: An International Journal of Tourism and Hospitality Research, 31(3), 360–375. https://doi.org/10.1080/13032917.2020.1729215
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/13032917.2020.1729215
Henseler, J., & Chin, W.W. (2010). A comparison of approaches for the analysis of interaction effects between latent variables using partial least squares path modeling. Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 17(1), 82–109. https://doi.org/10.1080/10705510903439003
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/10705510903439003
Houdement, J., Santos, J.A.C., & Serra, F. (2017). Factors affecting the decision-making process when choosing an event destination: A comparative approach between Vilamoura (Portugal) and Marbella (Spain). Journal of Spatial and Organizational Dynamics, 5(2), 127–145. https://www.jsod-cieo.net/journal/index.php/jsod/article/view/91/89
Google Scholar
International Congress and Convention Association. (2023, July 12). ICCA Business Analytics 2022 Country & City Rankings. Public Abstracts. https://assets.simpleviewinc.com/simpleview/image/upload/v1/clients/iccaweb/ICCA_Rankings_2023_230707_795d8dd3-147a-45e2-b97f-075234e8f0f6.pdf
Google Scholar
Iso-Ahola, S.E. (1982). Toward a social psychological theory of tourism motivation: A rejoinder. Annals of Tourism Research, 9(2), 256–262. https://doi.org/10.1016/0160-7383(82)90049-4
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0160-7383(82)90049-4
Jago, L.K., & Deery, M. (2005). Relationships and factors influencing convention decision-making. Journal of Convention & Event Tourism, 7(1), 23–41. https://doi.org/10.1300/j452v07n01_03
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1300/J452v07n01_03
Jiang, Y., & Chen, N.(C.). (2019). Event attendance motives, host city evaluation, and behavioral intentions: An empirical study of Rio 2016. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 31(8), 3270–3286. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJCHM-06-2018-0501
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/IJCHM-06-2018-0501
Kang, M.-H., Suh, S.-J., & Jo, D. (2005). The competitiveness of international meeting destinations in Asia: Meeting planners’ versus buying centers’ perceptions. Journal of Convention & Event Tourism, 7(2), 57–85. https://doi.org/10.1300/j452v07n02_04
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1300/J452v07n02_04
Khuong, M.N., & Ha, H.T.T. (2014). The influences of push and pull factors on the international leisure tourists’ return intentions to Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam: A mediation analysis of destination satisfaction. International Journal of Trade, Economics and Finance, 5(6), 490–496. https://doi.org/10.7763/IJTEF.2014.V5.421
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.7763/IJTEF.2014.V5.421
Kim, B.H., Kim, S.(S.)., & Oh, M.(M.). (2020). Determinants of convention attendees’ willingness to pay for additional programs. Journal of Convention & Event Tourism, 21(2), 155–176. https://doi.org/10.1080/15470148.2020.1731727
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/15470148.2020.1731727
Kim, E. (2018). A systematic review of motivation of sport event volunteers. World Leisure Journal, 60(4), 306–329. https://doi.org/10.1080/16078055.2017.1373696
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/16078055.2017.1373696
Kim, S., Lee, J.-S., & Kim, M. (2012). How different are first-time attendees from repeat attendees in convention evaluation? International Journal of Hospitality Management, 31(2), 544–553. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2011.07.014
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2011.07.014
Kim, S.-B., Sun, K.-A., & Kim, D.-Y. (2013). The influence of consumer value-based factors on attitude-behavioral intention in social commerce: The differences between high- and low-technology experience groups. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing, 30(1–2), 108–125. https://doi.org/10.1080/10548408.2013.751249
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/10548408.2013.751249
Kim, W. (2021). Determinants of tourists’ revisit intention in domestic tourism. International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology, 9(3), 74–80. https://doi.org/10.17703/IJACT.2021.9.3.74
Google Scholar
Kim, W., & Malek, K. (2017). Understanding the relationship among motivation to attend, satisfaction, and loyalty of medical convention attendees. Journal of Convention & Event Tourism, 18(4), 282–300. https://doi.org/10.1080/15470148.2017.1366384
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/15470148.2017.1366384
Lee, J.-S., & Min, C. (2013). Examining the role of multidimensional value in convention attendee behavior. Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Research, 37(3), 402–425. https://doi.org/10.1177/1096348012436383
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1096348012436383
Lee, P., Koo, C., & Chung, N. (2019). The threats of North Korea’s missile and visitors’ international conference choice behavior. Sustainability, 11(18), Article 5097. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11185097
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/su11185097
Liang, H.C.K., & Latip, H.A. (2018). Factors affecting attendees’ decision-making in convention tourism industry. Advanced Science Letters, 24(6), 4414–4420. https://doi.org/10.1166/asl.2018.11616
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1166/asl.2018.11616
Luvsandavaajav, O., & Narantuya, G. (2021). Mongolian domestic tourists’ motivation and revisit intention: Mediating effect of perceived benefit and perceived value. Central European Journal of Geography and Sustainable Development, 3(1), 32–48. https://doi.org/10.47246/cejgsd.2021.3.1.3
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.47246/CEJGSD.2021.3.1.3
Maeng, H.Y., Jang, H.Y., & Li, J.M. (2016). A critical review of the motivational factors for festival attendance based on metaanalysis. Tourism Management Perspectives, 17, 16–25. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmp.2015.10.003
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmp.2015.10.003
Mair, J., & Thompson, K. (2009). The UK association conference attendance decision-making process. Tourism Management, 30(3), 400–409. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2008.08.002
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2008.08.002
Mair, J., Lockstone-Binney, L., & Whitelaw, P.A. (2018). The motives and barriers of association conference attendance: Evidence from an Australasian tourism and hospitality academic conference. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management, 34, 58–65. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhtm.2017.11.004
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhtm.2017.11.004
Malekmohammadi, A., Mohamed, B., & Ekiz, E.H. (2011). An analysis of conference attendee motivations: Case of international conference attendees in Singapore. Journal of Travel and Tourism Research, 11(1), 50–64.
Google Scholar
Maráková, V., Ďaďo, J., Táborecká-Petrovičová, J., & Rajic, T. (2018). Visitors’ motivation for attending traditional cultural events as the basis for market segmentation: Evidence from Slovakia. Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis, 66(2), 543–551. https://doi.org/10.11118/actaun201866020543
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.11118/actaun201866020543
Maulida, S., Jasfar, F., & Hamzah, M.Z. (2020). Analysis of the effect of brand image, tourist perception, service quality toward revisit intention in recreational parks in DKI Jakarta. In A.G. Abdullah, I. Widiaty, A.A. Danuwijaya & C.U. Abdullah (Eds.), Advances in Economics, Business and Management Research: Vol. 151: Proceedings of the International Conference on Management, Accounting, and Economy (ICMAE 2020) (pp. 152–154). Atlantis Press. https://doi.org/10.2991/aebmr.k.200915.035
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2991/aebmr.k.200915.035
Micić, J., Denda, S., & Popescu, M. (2019). The significance of the risk-related challenges in tourist destination choice. Journal of the Geographical Institute “Jovan Cvijic” SASA, 69(1), 39–52. https://doi.org/10.2298/IJGI1901039M
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2298/IJGI1901039M
Ministry of Tourism and Antiquities. (2021). Arrival and departures. Department of Statistics. https://dosweb.dos.gov.jo/economic/arrival-and-departures/
Google Scholar
Nasir, H.M., Alagas, E.N., & Nasir, N.M. (2019). A review of business events industry in Malaysia: Finding the gap. International Journal of Business, Economics and Law, 19(2), 22–29. https://ijbel.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/BUS_72.pdf
Google Scholar
Ngoc, K.M., & Trinh, N.T. (2015). Factors affecting tourists’ return intention towards Vung Tau City, Vietnam: A mediation analysis of destination satisfaction. Journal of Advanced Management Science, 3(4), 292–298. https://doi.org/10.12720/joams.3.4.292-298
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.12720/joams.3.4.292-298
Oppermann, M., & Chon, K.-S. (1997). Convention participation decision-making process. Annals of Tourism Research, 24(1), 178–191. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0160-7383(96)00049-7
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0160-7383(96)00049-7
Pallant, J. (2013). SPSS survival manual: A step by step guide to data analysis using IBM SPSS (5th ed.). McGraw-Hill Education.
Google Scholar
Para, A., & Kachniewska, M. (2014). Determinants of convention & conference site selection: The Polish event planners’ perspective. In F. Dias, S. Oliveira, J. Kosmaczewska & Â. Pereira (Eds.), New trends in tourism research: A Polish perspective (pp. 150–162). GITUR – Tourism Research Group of Polytechnic Institute of Leiria.
Google Scholar
Pavluković, V., & Cimbaljević, M. (2020). Factors affecting conference participation decision-making. Journal of the Geographical Institute “Jovan Cvijic” SASA, 70(1), 31–43. https://doi.org/10.2298/ijgi2001031p
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2298/IJGI2001031P
Phophan, K. (2017). Factors influencing the decision making of foreign MICE visitors to revisit Bangkok, Thailand. International Journal of Management and Applied Science, 3(5), 113–117. https://www.iraj.in/journal/journal_file/journal_pdf/14-3691500371714113-117.pdf
Google Scholar
Preko, A., Doe, F. & Dadzie, S.A. (2019). The future of youth tourism in Ghana: Motives, satisfaction and behavioural intentions. Journal of Tourism Futures, 5(1), 5–21. https://doi.org/10.1108/jtf-12-2016-0059
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/JTF-12-2016-0059
Puspitasari, Y.A., Sugandini, D., & Istanto, Y. (2020). Effect of attraction, the quality of destination, motivation, and satisfaction of intentions to revisit on heritage destination. In A. Subyantoro, Sabihaini, M.I. Effendi, D.I. Purnamasari, D. Sugandini, I. bin A. Majid & H.D. Mulyaningsih (Eds.), Proceedings of the International Conference of Business, Economy, Entrepreneurship and Management – ICBEEM: Vol. 1 (pp. 280–286). https://doi.org/10.5220/0009964302800286
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5220/0009964302800286
Qi, H., Smith, K.A., & Yeoman, I. (2019). An exploratory study of volunteer motivation at conferences: A case study of the First World Conference on Tourism for Development. Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research, 24(6), 574–583. https://doi.org/10.1080/10941665.2019.1610000
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/10941665.2019.1610000
Ramadan, A., & Kasim, A. (2022). Factors influencing MICE destination revisit intentions: A literature review. Turyzm/Tourism, 32(1), 185–217. https://doi.org/10.18778/0867-5856.32.1.09
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.18778/0867-5856.32.1.09
Ramli, M.F., Rahman, M.A., & Ling, O.M. (2020). Do motivation and destination image affect tourist revisit intentions to Kinabalu National Park during COVID-19 pandemic recovery phase? European Journal of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, 7(6), 1624–1635. https://ejmcm.com/issue-content/do-motivation-and-destination-image-affect-tourist-revisit-intention-to-kinabalu-national-park-during-covid-19-pandemic-recoveryphase-9536
Google Scholar
Rittichainuwat, B.N., Beck, J.A., & Lalopa, J. (2001). Understanding motivations, inhibitors, and facilitators of association members in attending international conferences. Journal of Convention & Exhibition Management, 3(3), 45–62. https://doi.org/10.1300/j143v03n03_04
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1300/J143v03n03_04
Severt, D., Wang, Y., Chen, P.-J., & Breiter, D. (2007). Examining the motivation, perceived performance, and behavioral intentions of convention attendees: Evidence from a regional conference. Tourism Management, 28(2), 399–408. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2006.04.003
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2006.04.003
Sianipar, R., Situmorang, J.M.H., Goeltom, V.A.H., & Gustian Yulius, K. (2021). Factors influencing tourist satisfaction and revisit intention to Cibuntu tourist village during COVID-19 pandemic. JELAJAH: Journal of Tourism and Hospitality, 3(1), 12–24. https://doi.org/10.33830/jelajah.v3i1.1847
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.33830/jelajah.v3i1.1847
Sekaran, U., & Bougie, R. (2016). Research methods for business: A skill-building approach (7th ed.). John Wiley & Sons.
Google Scholar
Setyaningtyas, T., Kirana, A.N., & Wicaksono, M.A (2021). Relationship of destination image, sports involvement, event quality, and travel motives as an antecedent factors on revisit intention in recurring running sports-event. The Winners, 22(2), 137–146. https://doi.org/10.21512/tw.v22i2.7434
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21512/tw.v22i2.7434
Su, D.N., Johnson, L.W., & O’Mahony, B. (2020). Analysis of push and pull factors in food travel motivation. Current Issues in Tourism, 23(5), 572–586. https://doi.org/10.1080/13683500.2018.1553152
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/13683500.2018.1553152
Susyarini, N.P.W.A., Hadiwidjojo, D., Supartha, W.G., & Rohman, F. (2014). Tourists behavioral intentions antecedent meeting incentive convention and exhibition (MICE) in Bali. European Journal of Business and Management, 6(25), 102–109.
Google Scholar
Tabachnick, B.G., & Fidell, L.S. (2013). Using multivariate statistics (6th ed.). Pearson.
Google Scholar
Tan, C.S.R. (2007). A comparative analysis of MICE destinations between Macau and Singapore (Publication No. 704) [Professional paper, University of Nevada Las Vegas Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones]. Digital Scholarship UNLV. http://doi.org/10.34917/1920638
Google Scholar
Tanford, S., Montgomery, R., & Nelson, K.B. (2012). Factors that influence attendance, satisfaction, and loyalty for conventions. Journal of Convention & Event Tourism, 13(4), 290–318. https://doi.org/10.1080/15470148.2012.728975
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/15470148.2012.728975
Thong, J.Z., Ching, J.L., & Chin, Y.S. (2020). Destination image towards revisit intention to natural protected areas in Sarawak: A study of functional characteristics. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 10(9), 272–287. https://doi.org/10.6007/ijarbss/v10-i9/7631
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.6007/IJARBSS/v10-i9/7631
Ting, T., Changtai, L., Linjun, H., & Zhiping, Z. (2021). Study on the influence of health and wellness tourists’ pull motivation on revisit intentions – the moderating role of the push motivation. E3S Web of Conferences, 251, Article 03047. https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202125103047
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202125103047
Tsai, L.L. (2021). Factors affecting intention to revisit an environmental event: The moderating role of enduring involvement. Journal of Convention & Event Tourism, 22(1), 61–90. https://doi.org/10.1080/15470148.2020.1816519
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/15470148.2020.1816519
Unites States Agency International Development; Jordan Tourism Board. (n.d.). A strategy for developing Jordan’s MICE sector. https://documents.pub/document/a-strategy-for-developing-jordanas-mice-strategypdf-a-strategy-for-developing.html?page=1
Google Scholar
Veloutsou, C., & Chreppas, C. (2015). Training or vacation? The academic conference tourism. Tourismos: An International Multidisciplinary Journal of Tourism, 10(1), 101–130.
Google Scholar
Wang, J.-H., Feng, H., & Wu, Y. (2020). Exploring key factors of medical tourism and its relation with tourism attraction and re-visit intention. Cogent Social Sciences, 6(1), Article 1746108. https://doi.org/10.1080/23311886.2020.1746108
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/23311886.2020.1746108
Watjanasoontorn, I., Viriyasuebphong, P., & Voraseyanont, P. (2019). Sport marketing mix impact on intention to revisit Buriram. Journal of Thai Hospitality and Tourism, 14(2), 91–101. https://so04.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/tourismtaat/article/view/206980/143855
Google Scholar
Weru, J.N. (2021). Perceived destination image and post-visit behaviour: An international MICE visitors’ perspective. African Journal of Hospitality, Tourism and Leisure, 10(2), 472–486. https://doi.org/10.46222/ajhtl.19770720-111
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.46222/ajhtl.19770720-111
Whitfield, J., Dioko, L.D.A.N., Webber, D., & Zhang, L. (2014). Attracting convention and exhibition attendance to complex MICE venues: Emerging data from Macao. International Journal of Tourism Research, 16(2), 169–179. https://doi.org/10.1002/jtr.1911
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/jtr.1911
Xu, F., Lin, X., Li, S., & Niu, W. (2018). Is Southern Xinjiang really unsafe? Sustainability, 10(12), Article 4639. https://doi.org/10.3390/su10124639
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/su10124639
Yen, T.-F. (2020). The determinates of revisit intentions in wine cultural event: The moderating role of experience authenticity. Asian Journal of Education and Social Studies, 6(4), 27–40. https://doi.org/10.9734/ajess/2020/v6i430183
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.9734/ajess/2020/v6i430183
Yeoh, S.-C., & Goh, Y.-N. (2017). Participants’ behavioral intention to re-attend outdoor sport events (Penang, Malaysia). Journal of Tourism, Hospitality and Culinary Arts (JTHCA), 9(3), 14–27. https://fhtm.uitm.edu.my/images/jthca/Vol9Issue3/Chap-2.pdf
Google Scholar
Yodsuwan, C., Pathan, A., & Butcher, K. (2021). Exploring the drivers of organizational citizenship behaviors (OCB) among corporate meeting attendees. International Journal of Event and Festival Management, 12(1), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1108/ijefm-05-2020-0029
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/IJEFM-05-2020-0029
Yoo, J.J.-E., & Chon, K. (2008). Factors affecting convention participation decision-making: Developing a measurement scale. Journal of Travel Research, 47(1), 113–122. https://doi.org/10.1177/0047287507312421
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0047287507312421
Yoo, J.J.-E., & Zhao, X. (2010). Revisiting determinants of convention participation decision making. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing, 27(2), 179–192. https://doi.org/10.1080/10548401003590369
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/10548401003590369
Yousefi, M., & Marzuki, A. (2015). An analysis of push and pull motivational factors of international tourists to Penang, Malaysia. International Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Administration, 16(1), 40–56. https://doi.org/10.1080/15256480.2015.991987
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/15256480.2015.991987
Zhang, H.Q., Leung, V., & Qu, H. (2007). A refined model of factors affecting convention participation decision-making. Tourism Management, 28(4), 1123–1127. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2006.07.008
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2006.07.008
Zhang, H., Liu, S., & Bai, B. (2022). Image transfer between mega business event, hosting destination and country and its effects on exhibitors’ behavioral intention. Tourism Review, 77(1), 225–238. https://doi.org/10.1108/tr-04-2020-0182
Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/TR-04-2020-0182
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
