Written Languages in Moldavia during the Reign of Peter Rareş (1527–1538, 1541–1546)

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18778/2084-140X.12.33

Keywords:

Peter Rareş, Macarie of Roman, Romanian Slavonic, Moldavia, Church Slavonic, Ruthenian, Old Romanian, Middle Bulgarian, Ukrainian

Abstract

The language of the Moldavian books and chancery documents written during the reign of Peter Rareş (1527–1538, 1541–1546) shows an unneglectable variability depending on the purpose, addressee and format of the texts. Using all kinds of preserved texts from this period, we have tried to describe this variability focusing on the texts written in the Cyrillic script. These texts are evaluated according to three criteria: spelling, morphosyntax and vocabulary. The most prestigious variety was the Trinovitan (Tărnovo) variety of Middle Church Slavonic. Its shape in the texts, belonging to the common Church Slavonic legacy, shows the lowest impact of the Moldavian linguistic environment. The original Church Slavonic bookish texts composed in Moldavia (Macarie’s Chronicle, Enkomion to St John the New, colophons and inscriptions) show a variable proportion of Moldavian spelling and morphosyntactic markers. The chancery documents can be characterised by blending of Church Slavonic and Ruthenian (Ukrainian-based) elements. Except the Ruthenian-based documents addressed to Poland, the chancery documents are basically Church Slavonic shaped with Ruthenian infiltrations on the level of some fixed formulas, function words and few lexical items. Moreover, Slavonic letters sent to Transylvania show tiny Wallachian Slavonic influence, manifested by forms of Serbian chancery origin. Monastery charters combine CS-shaped Ruthenian formulas with Trinovitan Church Slavonic formulas, partly shared with colophons and inscriptions. Thus, the Moldavian written legacy shares common elements both with the Wallachian milieu (e.g. Romanian Cyrillic spelling of proper names, Romanian impact on morphosyntax, specific terminology etc.) as well as with a broader Ruthenian area (mainly the eastern part of the Polish-Lithuanian Union).

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

534 Documente istorice slavo-române din Ţara-Românească şi Moldova privitoare la legăturile cu Ardealul 1346–1603, ed. G. G. Tocilescu, Bucureşti 1931.
Google Scholar

Bălan T., Documente bucovinene, vol. I, (1507–1653), Cernăuţi 1933; vol. II, (1519–1662), Cernăuţi 1934.
Google Scholar

Bogdan I., Documentele lui Ştefan cel Mare, vol. II, Bucureşti 1913.
Google Scholar

Cantemir D., Descriptio Moldaviae, https://la.wikisource.org/wiki/Descriptio_Moldaviae [10 V 2022].
Google Scholar

Costin M., Istorie în versuri polone despre Moldova şi Ţara românească (1684), ed. P. P. Panaitescu, Bucureşti 1929.
Google Scholar

Cronica lui Constantin Manasses. Traducere mediobulgară, ed. I. Bogdan, Bucureşti 1922.
Google Scholar

Cronicile slavo-române din sec. XV–XVI, ed. I. Bogdan, P. P. Panaitescu, Bucureşti 1959.
Google Scholar

Cyrillomethodiana, Sofija 2012–, https://histdict.uni-sofia.bg/textcorpus/search [10 V 2022].
Google Scholar

Documenta Romaniae Historica. A. Moldova, vol. I, (1384–1448), ed. C. Cihodaru et al., Bucureşti 1975.
Google Scholar

Documenta Romaniae Historica. B. Ţara Românească, vol. III, (1526–1535), ed. D. Mioc, Bucureşti 1975.
Google Scholar

Documente moldoveneşti înainte de Ştefan cel Mare, vol. II, ed. M. Costăchescu, Bucureşti 1932.
Google Scholar

Documente privitoare la istoria Ardealului, Moldovei şi Ţării-româneşti, vol. I, ed. A. Veress, Bucureşti 1929.
Google Scholar

Documente privitoare la istoria României culese din arhivele polone. Secolul al XVI-lea, ed. I. Corfus, Bucureşti 1979.
Google Scholar

Documente privitoare la istoria românilor, vol. II, part 1, 1451–1575, ed. E. de Hurmuzaki, Bucuresci 1891.
Google Scholar

Documente privitoare la istoria românilor, vol. XV, part 1, Acte şi scrisori din arhivele oraşelor ardelene (Bistriţa, Braşov, Sibiu) 1358–1600, ed. E. de Hurmuzaki, N. Iorga, Bucureşti 1911.
Google Scholar

Documente privitoare la istoria românilor: Urmare la colecțiunea lui Euxodiu de Hurmuzachi Supliment 2, vol. I, 1510–1600: documente din arhive și biblioteci polone, ed. E. de Hurmuzaki, I. Bogdan, Bucureşti 1893.
Google Scholar

Documente privitóre la Istoria Românilor, ed. E. de Hurmuzaki, N. Densuşianu, vol. II, part 1, Bucuresci 1891; part 3, Bucuresci 1892; part 4, Bucuresci 1894.
Google Scholar

Documente turceşti privind istoria României, vol. I, 1455–1774, ed. M. A. Mehmed, Bucureşti 1976.
Google Scholar

Die Inschriften aus der Bukovina. Beiträge zur Quellenkunde der Landes- und Kirchengeschichte, vol. I, Steininschriften, ed. E. A. Kozak, Wien 1903.
Google Scholar

Inscripţiĭ din bisericile Romănieĭ, ed. N. Iorga, Bucureştĭ 1905.
Google Scholar

Inscripţiile medievale şi din epoca modernă a României, vol. I, Oraşul Bucureşti (1395–1800), ed. A. Elian, Bucureşti 1965.
Google Scholar

Ispisoace şi zapise (Documente slavo-române), vol. I, part 1, ed. G. Ghibănescu, Iaşi 1906.
Google Scholar

Istoričeskie svjazi narodov SSSR i Rumynii v XV – načale XVIII v. Dokumenty i materialy v trech tomach, vol. I, 1408–1632, ed. J. S. Grosul et al., Moskva 1965.
Google Scholar

Ivanov J., Bălgarski starini iz Makedonija, Sofija 1931.
Google Scholar

Letopiseţul lui Azarie, ed. I. Bogdan, Bucureşti 1909.
Google Scholar

Makarïe, Lětopiseč´´stvo, [in:] Kniga molebnik, State Historical Museum in Moscow, Bars. 1411, 2nd half of the 16th century.
Google Scholar

Moldova în epoca feudalismului, vol. I–II, ed. L. V. Cerepin, Chişinau 1961–1978.
Google Scholar

Moldova. 1587. University of Minnesota Libraries, James Ford Bell Library, umedia.lib.umn.edu/item/p16022coll251:2919 [10 V 2022].
Google Scholar

Munster S., Geographia universalis, vetus et nova, complectens Claudii Ptolemaei Alexandrini enarrationis libros VIII, Basileae 1540.
Google Scholar

Palia, scripsit Ioan. Russian State Library, coll. 256, no. 29, Bistriţa 1537, https://lib-fond.ru/librgb/256/f-256-29/ [10 V 2022].
Google Scholar

Peresopnyc´ke jevanhelije 1556–1561. Doslidžennja. Transliterovannyj tekst. Slovopokazčyk, ed. I. P. Čepiha, Kyïv 2001.
Google Scholar

Psaltirea Hurmuzaki I. Studiu filologic, studiu lingvistic şi ediţie, ed. I. Gheţie, M. Teodorescu, Bucureşti 2005.
Google Scholar

Reicherstorf G. a, Moldaviae quae olim Daciae pars chorographia, Viennae 1541.
Google Scholar

Reychersdorff G. à, Chorographia Transylvaniae, quae Dacia olim apellata, aliarum prouinciarum & regionum succinta descriptio & explicatio, Viennae 1550.
Google Scholar

Rusanivs’kyj V., Ukrajins´ki hramoty XV st., Kyïv 1965.
Google Scholar

Rusev P., Davidov A., Grigorij Camblak v Rumănija i v starata rumănska literatura, Sofija 1966.
Google Scholar

Slavjansko-moldavskije letopisi XV–XVI vv., ed. F. A. Grekul, Moskva 1976.
Google Scholar

Sočinenija Ivana Semenoviča Peresvetova, ed. M. D. Kagan-Tarkovskij, J. S. Lur’e, [in:] Biblioteka literatury Drevnej Rusi, vol. IX, Sankt Peterburg 2006–2022, http://lib.pushkinskijdom.ru/Default.aspx?tabid=5115 [10 V 2022].
Google Scholar

Stojanović Lj., Stare srpske povelje i pisma. Knjiga I. Dubrovnik i susedi njegovi. Drugi deo, Beograd 1934.
Google Scholar

Surete şi izvoade (Documente slavo-române), ed. G. Ghibănescu, vol. I, Iaşi 1906; vol. II, Iaşi 1906; vol. VII, Iaşi 1912; vol. IX, (Documente Basarabene), Iaşi 1914; vol. XVIII, Iaşi 1927; vol. XIX, Iaşi 1927; vol. XXI, Iaşi 1929; vol. XXIV, Iaşi 1930.
Google Scholar

Székely M. M., Gorovei S. S., Documente inedite de la Petru Rareş, “Revista istorică” 8.7–8, 1997, p. 503–515.
Google Scholar

Tetraevangelion, Jerusalem Patriarchate Library, scripsit Ivanco. Slavonic 2, Frăţâneşti 1532.
Google Scholar

Tetraevanghel, scripsit Mihail. Russian State Library, coll. 98, no. 78, Suceava 1542, https://lib-fond.ru/lib-rgb/98/f-98-78/ [10 V 2022].
Google Scholar

Tetroevanghel, ed. Petru vodă. Austrian National Library, cod. slav. 2, 1534.
Google Scholar

Tetroevanghel, scripsit Mihail. Jerusalem Patriarchate Library, Abraam 2, Suceava 1546.
Google Scholar

Vechile cronice moldovenescĭ până la Urechiă, ed. I. Bogdan, Bucurescĭ 1891.
Google Scholar

Wrancius Sibenicensis Dalmata A., Expeditionis Solymani in Moldaviam et Transsylvaniam libri duo. De situ Transsylvaniae, Moldaviae et Transalpinae liber tertius, ed. C. Eperjessy, Budapest 1944.
Google Scholar

Atlas ukraïns´koï movy, vol. II, Volyn´, Naddnistrjanščyna, Zakarpattja i sumižni zemli, ed. Ja.V. Zakrevs’ka, Kyïv 1988.
Google Scholar

Atlasul lingvistic moldovenesc, vol. I, part 1, ed. R. Udler, V. Komarniţki, Chişinău 1968.
Google Scholar

Daničić Đ., Rječnik iz književnih starina srpskih, vol. I–III, Biograd 1863–1964.
Google Scholar

Daskalova A., Rajkova M., Gramoti na bălgarskite care, Sofija 2005.
Google Scholar

Dexonline. Dicţionare ale limbii române, https://dexonline.ro/ [10 V 2022].
Google Scholar

Dicţionarul elementelor româneşti din documente slavo-române 1374–1600, ed. G. Bolocan, Bucureşti 1981.
Google Scholar

Erdélyi Magyar Szótörténeti Tár, vol. I–, ed. T. A. Szabó, Budapest–Bucharest 1975–.
Google Scholar

Ghibănescu G., Slovar, [in:] Ispisoace şi zapise (Documente slavo-române), vol. III, part 2, (1663–1675), Iaşi 1912.
Google Scholar

Histaryčny sloŭnik belaruskaj movy, vol. I–XXXVII, Minsk 1982–2017.
Google Scholar

Lampe G. W.H., A Patristic Greek Lexicon, Oxford 1961.
Google Scholar

Lexikon zur byzantinischen Gräzität, ed. E. Trapp et al., Wien 1994–2017.
Google Scholar

Liddle H. G., Scott R., A Greek-English Lexicon, Oxford 1968.
Google Scholar

Mihai N., Dicţionar de regionalisme de uz şcolar, Bucureşti 2007.
Google Scholar

Miklosich F., Lexicon palaeoslovenico-graeco-latinum, Vindobonae 1862–1865.
Google Scholar

Niermeyer J. F., van Kieft C., Mediae Latinitatis Lexicon minus, Leiden–Boston 2002.
Google Scholar

Obščekarpatskij dialektologičeskij atlas, vol. VII, ed. D. Petrović, Belgrad–Novi Sad 2003.
Google Scholar

Old Church Slavonic Dictionary, [in:] Gorazd: The Old Church Slavonic Digital Hub, ed. Š. Pilát, Prague 2016–2020, http://gorazd.org/gulliver/ [10 V 2022].
Google Scholar

Rečnik na bălgarskija ezik, 2001–, https://ibl.bas.bg/rbe/ [10 V 2022].
Google Scholar

Rečnik sprskohrvatskoga književnog jezika, https://www.srpskirecnik.com/ [10 V 2022].
Google Scholar

Slovar´ russkogo jazyka (XI–XVII vv.), Moskva 1975–.
Google Scholar

Slovar´drevnerusskogo jazyka (XI–XIV vv.), vol. I–, Moskva 1989–.
Google Scholar

Slovnyk staroukrajins´koï movy XIV–XV st., vol. I–II, ed. L. L. Humec´ka, Kyïv 1977–1978.
Google Scholar

Slovnyk ukrajins´koï movy XVI – peršoji polovyny XVII st., vol. I–, L´viv 1994–.
Google Scholar

Slovnyk ukrajins´koï movy, Kyïv 1970–1980, http://sum.in.ua/ [10 V 2022].
Google Scholar

Słownik polszczyzny XVI wieku, 2010–2020, https://spxvi.edu.pl/ [10 V 2022].
Google Scholar

Słownik staropolski, vol. I–XI, ed. S. Urbańczyk, Wrocław–Kraków–Warszawa 1955–2002.
Google Scholar

Sophocles E. A., Greek Lexicon of the Romani and Byzantine Periods, New York 1900.
Google Scholar

Tiktin H. et al., Rumänisch-Deutsches Wörterbuch, vol. II, Wiesbaden 2003.
Google Scholar

Vokabulář webový: webové hnízdo pramenů k poznání historické češtiny, Praha 2006–2020, Verze dat 1.1.15, http://vokabular.ujc.cas.cz [10 V 2022].
Google Scholar

Anisimova T. V., Beljakin Ju.S., Katalog slavjano-russkich rukopisnych knig iz sobranija E. E. Egorova, vol. I, Moskva 2018.
Google Scholar

Birkfellner G., Glagolitische und Kyrillische Handschriften in Österreich, Wien 1975.
Google Scholar

Bogdan D. P., Paleografia romano-slavă: tratat şi album, Bucureşti 1978.
Google Scholar

Bogdan I., Scrieri alese, Bucureşti 1968.
Google Scholar

Bojčeva P., Tradiciite na Tărnovskata knižovna škola i deloto na Gavriil Urik, [in:] Tărnovska knižovna škola, vol. II, ed. P. Rusev et al., Veliko Tărnovo 1980.
Google Scholar

Bugajeva O. P., Rukopisi Smolenskogo oblastnogo kraevedčeskogo muzeja, “Труды Отдела древне-русской литературы” / “Trudy Otdela drevnerusskoj literatury” 15, 1958, p. 424–431.
Google Scholar

Buluţă G., Manuscrise miniate şi ornate româneşti în colecţii din Austria, Bucureşti 1990.
Google Scholar

Călători străini despre ţările române, vol. I, ed. M. Holban, Bucureşti 1968, p. 181–184.
Google Scholar

Charalampiev I., Ezikăt i ezikovata reforma na Evtimij Tărnovski, Sofija 1990.
Google Scholar

Christova B., Opis na răkopisite na Vladislav Gramatik, Veliko Tărnovo 1996.
Google Scholar

Constantinescu R., Manuscrise de origine românească din colecţii străine. Repertoriu, Bucureşti 1986.
Google Scholar

Djamo-Diaconiţă L., Limba textelor slavo-române, [in:] P. Olteanu et al., Slava veche şi slavona romănească, Bucureşti 1975.
Google Scholar

Hnatenko L. et al., Slov’jans´ka kyrylyčna rukopysna kniha XVI st. z fondiv Instytutu rukopysu Nacional´noï biblioteky Ukrajiny imeni V. I. Vernads´koho, Kyïv 2010.
Google Scholar

Internet Encyclopedia of Ukraine, http://www.encyclopediaofukraine.com/ [10 V 2022].
Google Scholar

Iorga N., Două evangheliare ale fiilor lui Petre Rareş, “Buletinul Comisiunii Monumentelor Istorice” 27, april–iunie, 1934, p. 87–90.
Google Scholar

Istoria României în date, ed. D. C. Giurescu, Bucureşti 2003.
Google Scholar

Iufu I., Manuscrise slavo-române din mănăstirile româneşti, Bucureşti 2016.
Google Scholar

Iufu I., Brătulescu V., Manuscrise slavo-române din Moldova. Fondul Mănăstirii Dragomirna, Iaşi 2012.
Google Scholar

Ivanova K., Bălgarski, srăbski i moldo-vlachijski kirilski răkopisi v sbirkata na M. P. Pogodin, Sofija 1981.
Google Scholar

Ivanova K., Bibliotheca Hagiographica Balcano-Slavonica, Sofija 2008.
Google Scholar

Jacimirskij A. I., Iz istorii slavjanskoj pis´mennosti v Moldavii i Valachii XV–XVII vv., s.l. 1906.
Google Scholar

Jacimirskij A. I., Iz istorii slavjanskoj propovedi v Moldavii, Sanktpeterburg 1906.
Google Scholar

Jacimirskij A. I., Iz slavjanskich rukopisej. Teksty i zametki, Sankt Peterburg 1898.
Google Scholar

Jacimirskij A. I., Melkie teksty i zametki po starinnoj slavjanskoj i russkoj literaturam, “Известія Отдѣленія русскаго языка и словесности” / “Izvestija Otdelenija russkogo jazyka I slovesnosti” 5.4, 1900, p. 1237–1271.
Google Scholar

Jacimirskij A. I., Opis´starinnych slavjanskich i russkich rukopisej sobranija P. I. Ščukina, vol. II, Sanktpeterburg 1897.
Google Scholar

Jacimirskij A. I., Opisanie južnoslavjanskich i russkich rukopisej zagraničnych bibliotek, vol. I, Peterburg 1921.
Google Scholar

Jacimirskij A. I., Slavjanskie i russkie rukopisi rumynskich bibliotek, S. Peterburg 1905.
Google Scholar

Jagić I. V., Rassuždenija južnoslavjanskoj i russkoj stariny o cerkovnoslavjanskom jazyke, Sankt-Peterburg 1896.
Google Scholar

Klemensiewicz Z., Historia języka polskiego, Warszawa 1999.
Google Scholar

Knoll V., Církevní slovanština v pozdním středověku, Praha 2019.
Google Scholar

Knoll V., The “Romanian Slavonic language” and lexicography, [in:] Old Church Slavonic Heritage in Slavonic and Other Languages, ed. I. Janyšková et al., Praha 2021, p. 307–323.
Google Scholar

Knoll V., Written Languages in Wallachia during the Reign of Neagoe Basarab (1512–1521), “Studia Ceranea” 11, 2021, p. 250–251, https://doi.org/10.18778/2084-140X.11.12
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.18778/2084-140X.11.12

Krasnosel´cev N. F., Slavjanskije rukopisi Patriaršej biblioteki v Ierusalime, Kazan´1889.
Google Scholar

Leonid, Sistematičeskoe opisanie slavjano-rossijskich rukopisej sobranija grafa Uvarova, čast´1–2, Moskva 1893.
Google Scholar

Linţa E., Djamo-Diaconiţă L., Stoicovici O., Catalogul manuscriselor slavo-române din Bucureşti, Bucureşti 1981.
Google Scholar

Mihail P., Mihail Z., Manuscrise slave în colecţii din Modova (II), “Romanoslavica” 19, 1980, p. 278–281.
Google Scholar

Miltenova A., Knižnina na bălgarski ezik v Moldova i Vlaxija, [in:] Istorija na bălgarskata srednovekovna literature, ed. A. Miltenova, Sofia 2008, p. 683–686.
Google Scholar

Mioc D., Manuscrise slavo-române în biblioteci din străinătate, “Studii şi Materiale de Istorie Medie” 7, 1974, p. 277–284.
Google Scholar

Mioc D., Materiale româneşti din arhive străine, “Studii şi Materiale de Istorie Medie” 6, 1973, p. 325–348.
Google Scholar

Mircea I. R., Répertoire des manuscrits slaves en Roumanie. Auteurs byzantines et slaves, Sofia 2005.
Google Scholar

Mirčeva D., Redakcii, [in:] Kirilo-Metodievska enciklopedija, vol. III, ed. L. Graševa, Sofia 2003, p. 449–459.
Google Scholar

Mitric O., Catalogul manuscriselor slavo-române din Biblioteca Mănăstirii Suceviţa, Suceava 1999, p. 77–78.
Google Scholar

Mitu M., Slavona românească. Studii şi texte, Bucureşti 2002.
Google Scholar

Mošin V., Ćirilski rukopisi Povijesnog muzeja Hrvatske i Kopitareve zbirke, Beograd 1971.
Google Scholar

Năstase G. I., Ungurii din Moldova la 1646 după „Codex Bandinus”, “Arhivele Basarabiei” 4, 1935, p. 397–414.
Google Scholar

Nimčuk V. V., Moldavs´ki hramoty, [in:] Encyklopedija istoriï Ukraïny, vol. VII, Mi-O, ed. V. A. Smolij et al., Kyïv 2010, http://www.history.org.ua/?termin=Moldavski_hramoty [10 V 2022].
Google Scholar

Ovčinnikova-Pelin V., Catalogul general al manuscriselor moldoveneşti păstrate în URSS. Colecţia bibliotecii mănăstirii Noul-Neamţ (sec. XIV–XIX), Chişinău 1989.
Google Scholar

Păcurariu M., Istoria bisericii ortodoxe române, vol. I, Iaşi 2004.
Google Scholar

Panaitescu P. P., Catalogul manuscriselor slavo-române şi slave din Biblioteca Academiei Române, vol. II, Bucureşti 2003.
Google Scholar

Panaitescu P. P., Manuscrisele slave din Biblioteca Academiei RPR, vol. I, Bucureşti 1959.
Google Scholar

Pascal A., Din istoria scrierii de carte în Mănăstirea Putna în secolele XV–XVI, “Analele Putnei” 7, 2012, p. 65–110.
Google Scholar

Paskal´ A. D., O rukopisnom nasledii moldavskogo knižnika Gavriila Urika iz monastyrja Njamc, [in:] Istorie şi cultură. In honorem academician Andrei Eşanu, ed. C. Manolache, Chişinău 2018, p. 343–375.
Google Scholar

Paskal´ A. D., Slavjano-moldavskie rukopisi XV–XVII vv. v sobranijach Gosudarstvennogo Istoričeskogo Muzeja (Moskva), [in:] Akademičeskaja archeografija v Rossii XVIII–XXI vekov (Tichomirovskie čtenija 2016 goda: K 60-letiju Archeografičeskoj komissii RAN), Moskva 2017.
Google Scholar

Pelin V., Manuscrise româneşti din secolele XIII–XIX în colecţii străine (Rusia, Ucraina, Bielorusia). Catalog, Chişinău 2017.
Google Scholar

Perepelycja S., Vidobražennja ukraïns´koho vokalizmu v moldavs´kych hramotach XIV – ser. XVI stolit´, “Науковий вісник Чернівецького національного університету. Слов’янська філологія” / “Naukovyj visnyk Černivec´koho nacional´noho universytetu. Slov´jans´ka filolohija” 496–497, 2010, p. 40–46.
Google Scholar

Polomac V., Jezik povelja i pisama Srpske despotovine, Kragujevac 2016.
Google Scholar

Popov T., Vlijanie na bălgarskata dăržavna tradicija vrăchu instituciite na Dunavskite knjažestva (XIV–XVII v.), “Годишник на Софийския университет „Св. Климент Охридски“. Исторически факултет” / “Godišnik na Sofijskija universitet “Sv. Kliment Ochridski”. Istoričeski fakultet” 103, 2018, p. 37–39.
Google Scholar

Rajkov B. N. et al., Slavjanski răkopisi v Rilskija manastir, vol. I, Sofija 1986.
Google Scholar

Romanski S., Vlachobălgarski răkopisi v L´vovskata universitetska biblioteka, “Периодическо списание на Българското книжовно дружество” / “Periodično spisanie na Bălgarskoto knižovno družestvo” 22, 1910–1911, 71, 7–8, p. 587–610.
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/002205741007102224

Ščepkina M. V. et al., Opisanie pergamennych rukopisej Gosudarsvennogo istoričeskogo muzeja. Čast´ 2: Rukopisi bolgarskie, serbskie, moldavskie, “Археографический ежегодник” / “Archeografičeskij ežegodnik” za 1965 god, Moskva 1966, p. 273–309.
Google Scholar

Ševel´ov Ju., Istoryčna fonolohija ukrajins´koï movy, Charkiv 2002.
Google Scholar

Sprostranov E., Opis na răkopisite v bibliotekata na Rilskija manastir, Sofija 1902.
Google Scholar

Štavljanin-Đorđević et al., Opis ćiriliskih rukopisa Narodne biblioteke Srbije, vol. I, Beograd 1986.
Google Scholar

Stoicescu N., Dicţionar al marilor dregători din Ţara românească şi Moldova. Sec. XIV–XVII, Bucureşti 1971.
Google Scholar

Székely M. M., Manuscrise răzleţite din scriptoriul şi biblioteca Mănăstirii Putna, “Analele Putnei” 3.1, 2007, p. 153–180.
Google Scholar

Teutsch F., Reicherstorffer, Georg, [in:] Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie 27, Leipzig 1888, p. 678–679, https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/pnd11980025X.html#adbcontent [10 V 2022].
Google Scholar

Totomanova A.-M., Pravopis, resavski, [in:] Starobălgarska literature. Enciklopedičen rečnik, ed. D. Petkanova, Sofija 1992, p. 352–353.
Google Scholar

Turdeanu É., Études de littérature roumaine et d´écrits slaves et grecs des principautés roumaines, Leiden 1985.
Google Scholar

Turdeanu E., Oameni şi cărţi de altădată, Bucureşti 1997.
Google Scholar

Turilov A. A., Ioann Novyj, Sočavskij, [in:] Pravoslavnaja ènciklopedija, vol. XXIV, ed. Kirill, patriarch moskovskij, Moskva 2011, p. 459–463, http://www.pravenc.ru/text/471404.html [10 V 2022].
Google Scholar

Turilov A. A., Mežslavjanskie kul´turnye svjazi èpochi srednevekovija i istočnikovedenie istorii i kul´tury slavjan, Moskva 2012.
Google Scholar

Tymočko B. V., Nazvy dovkillja v ukraïns´ko-moldavs´kych hramotach XIV–XV stolit´(dysertacija), Kyïv 2019.
Google Scholar

Tymočko B., Nazvy pryrodnoho vodnoho dovkillja v ukrajins´ko-moldavs´kych hramotach XIV–XV stolit´, “Українська мова” / “Ukraïns´ka mova” 2, 2018, p. 101–114, https://doi.org/10.15407/ukrmova2018.02.101
Google Scholar DOI: https://doi.org/10.15407/ukrmova2018.02.101

Živov V. M., Istorija jazyka russkoj pis´mennosti, vol. I, Moskva 2017.
Google Scholar

Žovtobrjuch M. A., Istoryčna hramatyka ukraïns´koji movy, Kyïv 1980.
Google Scholar

Downloads

Published

2022-12-30

How to Cite

Knoll, V. (2022). Written Languages in Moldavia during the Reign of Peter Rareş (1527–1538, 1541–1546). Studia Ceranea, 12, 523–598. https://doi.org/10.18778/2084-140X.12.33

Issue

Section

Articles