Anti-liberal, anti-establishment or constituency-driven? Spatial econometric analysis of polish parliamentary election results in 2015

Aleksandra Lasoń; Andrzej Torój

doi:10.18778/1231-1952.26.2.10

Authors

Aleksandra Lasoń University of Amsterdam
Andrzej Torój SGH Warsaw School of Economics, Institute of Econometrics, ul. Madalińskiego 6/8, 02-513 Warsaw, Poland http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3623-168X

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18778/1231-1952.26.2.10

Keywords:

spatial analysis, election results, Poland, constituencies, mixed-W models

Abstract

We investigated the spatial variation patterns of voting results in Polish parliamentary election in 2015 across 380 regions. That election was a milestone event in Polish politics that substantially affected Poland’s internal and foreign policy directions and promoted two emerging political parties as runners-up against the well-established ones. While socio-economic, cultural and geographical factors such as economic activity, historical legacies (post-Russian East vs post-German West) and economic dichotomies (cities vs the countryside) explain most variations for most parties, they do not appeared to fit as determinants of the new parties’ support, especially of right-wing populists. Demographic target groups of individual parties appear to be relatively unresponsive to their pre-election offerings. The spatial specification of econometric models considerably improves their statistical properties. We also examined mixed-W models to account for the unobservable spatial effects stemming from the construction of constituencies. Their distinctive sets of candidates added significantly to the explanation of the spatial variation in voting.

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