Career Coupling: Career Making in the Elite World of Musicians and Scientists
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18778/1733-8077.2.3.06Keywords:
Career, Professional strategies, Socialisation, Education of elites, Higher educationAbstract
This article analyzes the interaction between the careers of people working in artistic and intellectual worlds. Two ethnographic studies constitute the basis for the analysis of career building in connection with the careers of other actors. The concept of career coupling represents the process by which professional success is achieved through the forging of relationships between novice and elite actors. Career coupling in the social world of virtuoso musicians is compared to that of career coupling in the social world of elite scientists. It was found that both groups achieve status in a similar fashion by moving through a three-stage process: (1) matching; (2) active collaboration; and, (3) passive collaboration. It is argued that the analysis of career coupling developed here can also be transferred to other professional fields.
Downloads
References
Becker Howard S., Anselm. L. Strauss (1956) “Careers, Personality, and Adult Socialisation.” American Journal of Sociology, vol LXII no. 3. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1086/222002
Becker Howard S. (1970) Sociological Work, Method and Substance. Chicago: Aldine.
Becker Howard S. (1963) Outsiders. Studies in the Sociology of Deviance / New York: The Free Press of Glencoe.
Buscatto, Marie (2003) “Chanteuse de jazz n’est point métier d’homme. L’accord imparfait entre voix et instruments en France.” Revue française de sociologie 44(1). DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/3323105
Callon, Michel, Philippe Laredo and Philippe Mustar (1995) La gestion stratégique de la recherche et de la technologie Paris: Economica.
Campbell, Robert A. (2003) “Preparing the Next Generation of Scientists: The Social Process of Managing Students.” Social Studies of Science 33(6):897-927. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0306312703336004
Cole, Stephen (1979) “Age and Scientific Performance.” American Journal of Sociology 84(4). DOI: https://doi.org/10.1086/226868
Coulangeon, Philippe (1999) “Les mondes de l’art à l’épreuve du salariat. Le cas des musiciens de jazz français.” Revue Française de Sociologie XL(4). DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/3322855
Delamont, Sara and Paul Atkinson (2001) “Doctoring Uncertainty: Mastering Craft Knowledge.” Social Studies of Science 31(1):87-107. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/030631201031001005
Faulkner, Robert (1983) Music on Demand. New Brunswick: N. J. Transaction.
Freidson, Eliot (1994) “Pourquoi l’art ne peut pas être une profession.” Pp. 117-136 in L’art de la recherche, Essais en l’honneur de Raymonde Moulin, edited by Pierre Michel Menger and Jean Passeron. Paris: La Documentation Française.
Francois, Pierre (2000) “Le renouveau de la musique ancienne: Dynamique socioéconomique d’une innovation esthétique.” Unpublished Ph.D. dissertation. EHESS, Paris.
Fox, Mary F. (1983) “Publication Productivity among Scientists: A Critical Review.” Social Studies of Science 13. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/030631283013002005
Fridman, Robert, (2001) The Politics of Excellence. Behind the Nobel Prize in Science. New York: Times Books.
Gilmore, Samuel (1987) “Coordination and convention: the organisation of the concert world.” Symbolic Interaction 10(2):209-227. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1525/si.1987.10.2.209
Gilmore, Samuel (1990) “Art Worlds: Developing the Interactionist Approach to Social Organization.” Pp. 148-178 in Symbolic Interaction and Cultural Studies, edited by H. Becker and M. McCall. Chicago: Chicago University Press. DOI: https://doi.org/10.7208/chicago/9780226041056.003.0007
Glaser, Barney and Anselm L. Strauss (1967) Discovery of Grounded Theory: Strategies for Qualitative Research. Chicago: Aldine. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/00006199-196807000-00014
Granovetter, Mark (1973) “The Strenght of Weak Ties.” American Journal of Sociology 78:1360-1380. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1086/225469
Hall, Oswald (1949) “ Types of medical careers.” American Journal of Sociology LV(3). DOI: https://doi.org/10.1086/220533
Heinich, Nathalie (1999) L’épreuve de la grandeur. Prix littéraires et reconnaissance. Paris: La Découverte.
Hermanowicz, Joseph C. (1998) The Stars are not Enough. Scientists – Their Passions and Professions Chicago: The University Chicago Press.
Hernandez, Valeria A. (2001) Laboratoire: Mode d'Emploi. Science, hiérarchies et pouvoirs. Paris: l’Harmattan.
Hughes, Everett C. (1996) Le regard sociologique. Paris: EHESS.
Joliot, Pierre (2001) La recherche passionnément. Paris: Odile Jacob.
Konecki, Krzysztof T. (2000) Studia z metodologii badań jakościowych. Teoria ugruntowana. Warszawa: Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN.
Latour, Bruno (1989) La science en action. Paris: Folio Essais.
Latour, Bruno (1993) Petites leçons de sociologie des sciences. Paris: La Découverte.
Merton, Robert (1973) The Sociology of Science. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Merton, Robert (1996) On Social Structure of Science. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Moulin, Léo (1955) “The Nobel Prizes for the Sciences from 1901–1950: an Essay in Sociological Analysis.” British Journal of Sociology 6:246–263. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/586950
Owen-Smith, Jason (2001) “Managing Laboratory Work through Skepticism: Processes of Evaluation and Control.” American Sociological Review 66. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/3088887
Peretz, Henri (1998) Les méthodes en sociologie : l’observation. Paris: La Découverte.
Penesco, Anne (1997) Défense et illustration de la virtuosité. Lyon: P.U.L.
Ravet, Hyacinthe and Philippe Coulangeon (2003) “La division sexuelle su travail chez les musiciens français.” Sociologie du travail 45(3). DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0038-0296(03)00039-6
Reader, William J. (1966) Professional Men: The Rise of the Professional Classes in the nineteenth-century England / London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson.
Reif, Fred and Anselm STRAUSS (1965) “The Impact of Rapid Discovery upon the Scientist’s Career.” Social Problem 12. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1525/sp.1965.12.3.03a00040
Reskin, Barbara F. (1979) “Academic Sponsorship and Scientists’ Career.” Sociology of Education 52. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/2112319
Rosental, Claude (2002) “De la Démo-Cratie en Amérique. Formes actuelles de la démonstration en intelligence artificielle.” Actes de la Recherches en Sciences Sociales 141/142. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3917/arss.141.0110
Schwarz, Boris (1983) Great Masters of the Violin. New York: Simon & Schuster.
Stebbins, Robert A. (1992) Amateurs, Professionals and Serious Leisure. McGill: Queen’s University Press.
Tilly, Charles (1990) “Transplanted Networks.” Pp. 79-95 in Immigration Reconsidered. History, Sociology, and Politics, edited by V. Yans-McLaughlin. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Traweek, Sharon (1988) Beamtimes and Lifetames: The World of High Energy Physicists. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
Wagner, Izabela (2004) “Les liens et les réseaux dans la formation de virtuoses.” Sociétés Contemporaines 56. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3917/soco.056.0133
Wagner, Izabela (2006) “Production sociale de violonistes virtuoses.” Unpublished Ph.D. dissertation. EHESS, Paris.
Walford, Geoffrey (1983) “Postgraduate Education and the Student’s Contribution to Research.” British Journal of Sociology of Education 4(3). DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/0142569830040303
Westby, David L. (1960) “The Career Experience of the Symphony Musician.” Social Forces 38. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/2574085
Ziman, John (1968) Public Knowledge. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Ziman, John (1987) Knowing Everything about Nothing. Specialisation and Change in Scientific Careers. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Zuckerman, Harriet (1977) Scientific elite: Nobel Laureates in the United States. New York: Free Press.
Zukerman, Ezra W., Tai-Young Kim, Kalinda Ukanawa and James von Rittman (2003) “Robust Identities or Nonentities? Typecasting in the Feature-Film Labor Market.” American Journal of Sociology 108(5). DOI: https://doi.org/10.1086/377518
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

