Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Kształcenie Polonistyczne Cudzoziemców
Czasopismo upowszechnia badania humanistyczne z zakresu glottodydaktyki polonistycznej – zamieszcza prace dotyczące różnorodnych zagadnień nauczania języka polskiego jako obcego i drugiego, także w porównaniu z nauczaniem innych języków. Prace, które są publikowane w Kształceniu Polonistycznym Cudzoziemców, przedstawiają problemy nauczania języka polskiego jako obcego z perspektywy lingwistyki, pedagogiki, nauk o komunikacji, kulturoznawstwa, psychologii, psycholingwistyki, socjologii i in. Odbiorcami prac są specjaliści nauczający języka polskiego jako obcego/drugiego w kraju i za granicą oraz badacze zainteresowani problematyką glottodydaktyczną.
Halina Goszczyńska, Mirosława Magajewska, Od przypadka do przypadka. Przewodnik dla cudzoziemców po fleksji imiennej języka polskiego wraz ze zbiorem ćwiczeń, cz. I, Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego, Łódź 2012, ss. 330
Prawa autorskie (c) http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/pl/
Seria wydawnicza „Testy Ogólne i Specjalistyczne z Języka Polskiego jako Obcego Studium Języka Polskiego dla Cudzoziemców UŁ”, red. G. Zarzycka – omówienie na tle specyfiki nauczania w łódzkim Studium
Iwona Dembowska, Aneta Strzelecka, Amelia Zawada, Spacerkiem po Łodzi i okolicy. Teksty i ćwiczenia do nauki języka polskiego dla cudzoziemców, Wydawnictwo „Piktor”, Łódź 2011, ss. 130, format A4
Nauczanie frazeologizmów w metodzie komunikacyjnej
The aim of this article is to address the problem of teaching vocabulary, which has a specific cultural background, such as phraseology. Given the fact that one of the main means of improving communicative competence is by teaching vocabulary which is used in unofficial, colloquial situations, it is worth studying the question of how transparent phraseology is in syllabuses of Polish as a foreign language and how to estimate the minimum phraseological competence necessary for effective communication.
Słownictwo związane z rodziną (na materiale list haseł Haliny Zgółkowej i serii podręczników Hurra!!!)
The article discusses vocabulary connected with family. It examines the occurrence of this vocabulary in Polish language teaching textbooks HURRA!!! PO POLSKU 1, 2 and 3. Some attention was also paid to how the lesson topics connected with family influence the teaching process and the process of developing the communication competence.
nauczanie języka polskiego jako obcego (jpjo)
Struktury referujące z wyrazami pan/pani w polskojęzycznej prasie na Ukrainie: grzeczność czy niegrzeczność?
The author of the article analyses the referential structures (which are not used as forms of address), including words pan or pani as (from the theoretical point of view) analytical forms of noun honorification (as pan prezes, pan [Zbigniew] Gołąb). Different structural variants of these constructions are characteristic of information texts in the Polish language press, which comes out nowadays in Ukraine, for example: Ambasador RP na Ukrainie pan Jacek Kluczkowski; Pan Mieczysław Maciejak, przewodniczący Stowarzyszenia; Pan Konsul Generalny Wojciech Gałązka; Pan Janik – Konsul Generalny RP w Łucku; Pan Ambasador; Pan Tomasz Janik; Pani Tymoszenko; Pani Julia. In the Polish narrative texts words pan / pani in similar structures are unnecessary and sometimes even occur in so-called schemes of title depriving in the meaning of deprecation (for example: Nowy minister zdrowia, pan Arłukowicz, wie, jak uzdrowić [...]). The research shows that in the Polish community press discourse, which is distinct from the Polish nationwide discourse, referential constructions with words pan / pani are used in other functions: heightening of politeness manifested in the increased respect for the mentioned person; introduction of peculiar atmosphere of “polishness” to the communication area; creation of the illusion of the presence of the designatum in the communicative situation causing specific hybridization of the press genre. However, the precise definition of the functions of the structures in the Polish community press is not always possible because of the frequent inconsistencies in the “local overpoliteness” expression. The relevance of these specific polite structures may also be questionable if in the role of the recipient of a message is native Polish language speaker from Poland. Therefore, the “clash” of Polish nationwide and minority press discourses as regards the analyzed aspect of the linguistic etiquette may lead communicative misunderstanding, which are unintended by the sender, who represents the Polish community in Ukraine.
Wpływ języka czeskiego na polszczyznę publikacji w zaolziańskim „Głosie Ludu”
In Glos Ludu, we can observe interferences from the Czech language, e.g. Kilkaset widzów przyszło dziś po południu obejrzeć [...] program (22.04.2012). More frequently, though, phrases of the same type conform to the rules of standard Polish, e.g. W tym momencie znajdowało się na nim [na dachu] kilkunastu strażaków. (19.07.2010). This proves that syntax bohemisms are not established in the Polish language used by the authors of the published texts. Instead, the mistakes result from negative transfer and are most probably made through haste and careless proofreading.
Teksty przedwyborczej propagandy politycznej
The parliamentary elections took place in Slovakia in March 2011 and in Poland in autumn 2011. The elections are connected with many propaganda materials, TV appearances, newspaper articles, billboards, etc. In the article, we discussed the language of political texts. We compared written texts in two close languages – Polish and Slovak. The issue of political communication was addressed by many Polish linguists, e.g. Bralczyk described the language of politicians of the previous regime. We were especially interested in the lexis: metaphors, neologisms, syntax, etc. Towards the end of the article, we briefly mention the use of these texts in the didactic process – in the course of translation.
środki językowe – formy gramatyczne i leksyka
language means – grammatical forms and vocabulary
Gatunki testamentowe jako zwierciadło kultur. Rozważania polsko-amerykańskie
The genres of speech are shaped by cultural experiences of a given community and reflect its ontological and axiological interpretations. As the comparison of the testamentary genres in Poland and the US shows, there are distinct collections of genres and genre patterns in both cultures. There are considerable differences in all aspects of genre patterns (structural, pragmatic, cognitive and stylistic). The identity of the genres is determined mainly by their pragmatics – the desire to transfer testator‟s property to his heirs. The American testamentary genres strongly highlight individual freedom, praise the importance of resourcefulness and individual success, and provide a more practical approach to implementation of that act.
Rozszerzanie granic gatunku na przykładzie telewizyjnych programów informacyjnych
The author presents the differences resulting from the genre changes which have been introduced recently in the main news bulletins in various TV channels (TVP1, TVN, TV Trwam). These transformations are so deep that the question arises whether we still deal with news programmes or maybe in front of our eyes there emerges a new genre. The function of TV news changes as well, which results in change of the relation between a sender and an addressee of the programme. These changes are perfectly reflected in the mirror of the language and their source is the culture of consumption.
Komizm językowy w felietonach Tomasza Olbratowskiego, czyli o tekstach nie dla wszystkich
Tomasz Olbratowski uses a variety of lexical phenomena: polysemy, homonymy, sociolects, archaisms, neologisms, acronyms. He uses linguistic humor not only to entertain the listeners, but also as a means of evaluation. The use of linguistic humor is one of the typical features of radio segments. The interpretation of a radio segment requires well developed communicative competence of the listener, but at the same time, reading these texts can improve the communicative competence in both native speakers and language learners.
Multimedialna gra „I SPY” w świetle założeń podejścia zadaniowego do nauczania i uczenia się języków obcych
The multimedia educational game I SPY is addressed to the A2–B1 level learners of six European languages: English, Dutch, Spanish, German, Romanian, and Polish. The game was created by the international team with the participation of the University of Łódź School of Polish for Foreigners. The authors of the article, and co-creators of Polish version of the game as well, present the game as an effective tool for realization of the assumptions of the ludic and action-oriented approaches to learning and teaching foreign languages. In the main, analytical, part of the article, the authors concentrate on defining the effectiveness of the game in making learners undertake the linguistic activities in order to perform various tasks set in the game.
Od A do C – problemy z metodą komunikacyjną w nauczaniu języka polskiego jako obcego poza Polską. Program kulturowy jako alternatywa dla podejścia zadaniowego
In the article, the author presents the problems of communicative language teaching and of a task-based method of teaching Polish as a foreign language (jpjo). He defines the problems basing on his own research (including the content of communicative textbooks for jpjo, communication tests completed by the students of Saturday‟s schools in the Ukraine) as well as based on observation of teaching and on the analysis of I. Janowska‟s book Task-based approach towards teaching and learning foreign languages. The author indicates the defects of the method. In the second part of the article he demonstrates that the implementation of the cultural programme in jpjo teaching meets the criteria of the task-based approach and of task-based method. He proves this based on the example of cultural tasks completed by the students of Polish studies in Lviv in 2011.
Polski i słoweński diabeł nie taki straszny...
The article deals with comparative phraseology. It compares phraseological units which can be found in the textbook Nie taki diabeł straszny… Podręcznik frazeologii dla obcokrajowców [The devil is not as black…Textbook of phraseology for foreigners] by E. Rybicka with the corresponding Slovene phraseological units. The main criterion for the division was that of formal and semantic correspondence, based on the semantics and the structural form of the phraseological equivalent. We examined which of the phraseological units have identical, similar or different structure, which carry the same or different meaning and what is the scope of their usage in both languages. The comparative analysis demonstrated three main types of equivalency – full, partial and substitutionary.
Pojęcie kompetencji fonologicznej vel fonetycznej – rozważania terminologiczne
The aim of this article is to specify the term phonological competence with reference to teaching Polish as a foreign language. The author identifies the subingredients of the phonological competence, emphasizes the need to create suitable curricula, which would take into consideration the correct development of the phonological competence. She also analyzes the very term phonological competence, which is often used interchangeably with the terms phonetic competence and general phonetic awareness and skills. The author presents arguments for the use of the term phonological competence and emphasizes the need to distinguish it from the other terms.
Kompetencja rodzimych użytkowników polszczyzny oraz obcokrajowców (Ukraińców) w zakresie stosowania polskiej frazeologii temporalnej
The article is dedicated to the research of norm knowledge within Polish temporal phraseology in both native speakers of Polish and Ukrainians learning Polish. It describes which deviations from the norm of selected temporal phraseological items are the most typical for the communication in Polish for both Ukrainians and native speakers of Polish. The reaserch is based on the information from corpora of the Polish language and questionnaires including Polish temporal phraseological units.
Teksty publicystyczne w programie kursu języka polskiego dla grupy ekonomicznej
The article includes the review of the newest handbooks used in teaching economy and Polish in business. It justifies the need of including journalistic texts in the language course program. It also proposes a set the criteria of texts selection: currentness of the topics, connection with the area of future studies, making use of students' knowledge and language skills determined by vocabulary, syntax complexity, reality knowledge, clarity of reasoning, the manner of dispute. The article lists the positive effects of including journalistic texts. They include the broadening of students' knowledge, the development of particular language skills, the improvement in teacher-student relationship, the enhancement of motivation, and the development of students` intellectual independence. The author describes different lesson plans with the use of journalistic texts, at the same time stressing the possibility of introducing various learning strategies and techniques.
polski język ekonomiczny dla cudzoziemców
podręczniki do ekonomii dla cudzoziemców
kryteria doboru tekstów publicystycznych dla potrzeb glottodydaktyki
kształtowanie sprawności receptywnych i produktywnych
journalistic texts in teaching foreign languages
the criteria of text selection for journalistic texts in glottodidactics
lesson plans with the use of journalistic texts
developing receptive and productive skills
motivation stimulation in teaching foreign languages
Prasa polskojęzyczna we Włoszech jako materiał dydaktyczny w nauczaniu języka polskiego jako obcego i kultury polskiej
The aim of the article is to present the Polish language press in Italy – the quarterly Polonia Włoska. Biuletyn Informacyjny and the biweekly Nasz Świat. Dwutygodnik Informacyjny dla Polaków we Włoszech – as educational materials in teaching Polish as a foreign language and Polish culture. The author discusses the language of both magazines and the topics they cover. Both periodicals can be used as an aid in learning Polish by people on different levels of knowledge of the Polish language: intermediate and advanced. The wide spectrum of the topics covered in the magazines enables the students to learn about the issues which should be known to a person who wants to take the Polish language state examination, specially the elements of Polish culture.
Piosenka popularna jako materiał dydaktyczny oraz możliwość jej wykorzystania na zajęciach lektoratowych z języka polskiego jako obcego
The article presents the issue of teaching Polish by the means of pop music. The author shows how some pop songs can be used during the Polish classes and how to select the right repertoire. He also presents the benefits of using pop music as a teaching material and the role of pop songs as cultural texts in teaching Polish as a foreign language. The songs presented in the article are only the author´s suggestions and they do not exhaust the subject of teaching Polish as a foreign language by means of pop music.
the role of pop songs in teaching foreign languages
Autorskie propozycje wykorzystania mediów w nauczaniu języka polskiego jako obcego
The first part of the paper is a survey of different statements about using of the Internet in teaching Polish as foreign language. All of those statements were printed in the proceedings from 3 glottodidactic conferences (Cieszyn, September 2001; Łódź, October 2008; Warszawa, November 2010). A lot of useful terminology and research problems were shown there, as well as few instances of accomplished up to date adaptations of the Internet teaching Polish as foreign language. Second part of the paper contains the author‟s suggestion of creating new website of SJPdC (the School of Polish for Foreigners), which should become the result of teamwork of whole community of the University of Łódź.
the new didactic website of the University of Łódź
Błędy wynikające z interferencji kulturowej popełniane przez Niemców uczących się języka polskiego jako obcego
The starting point of the paper is the idea that in the process of foreign language learning, there can occur not only language interference but also cultural interference. The latter can be defined as transferring the elements of behaviors and attitudes from the native culture into the utterances in a foreign language. The author gives examples of errors made in texts written by German learners of Polish.
Polak i Polska w wybranych podręcznikach do nauki języka polskiego jako obcego w konfrontacji z postrzeganiem tychże przez Słoweńców
The article presents a comparison of the image of Poland and Poles as seen in selected textbooks for learning Polish as a foreign language, with the image of them as seen by the Polish philology students in Ljubljana. It seems that the presented image of Poland and Poles in textbooks is false, idealized, which may result from the desire to be presented in a positive manner, especially in comparison with other European countries. It should be emphasized that it complies with programming guidelines of the European Union and is very different from the students‟ perceptions regarding Poland and Poles, which results from stereotypes. Therefore, when using such a textbook, the role of a teacher, who can balance the disparities between the material from the textbook and material from other sources, is very important.
podręcznik do nauczania języka polskiego jako obcego
textbooks in Polish as a foreign language
Korekta nauczycielska a wypowiedź ustna studentów uczących się języka polskiego jako obcego
The paper focuses on the unique type of verbal communication of the teachers of Polish as a foreign language (PFL) which is the correction of student‟s oral statements. The author discusses various didactic theories which explain when and how the corrections should be made, who is responsible for them (lecturer, student or the remaining participants of the discourse) and which of the mistakes should be corrected: only those which make the communication unable or all of them. The paper also includes the analysis of discourses that were recorded during PFL lessons in School of Polish for Foreigners at the University of Lodz (based on private recordings) as well as the analysis of the influence of teacher‟s correction on student‟s speaking.
Zagadki kryminalne na lekcji języka polskiego jako obcego w funkcji tekstów rozwijających sprawność czytania ze zrozumieniem i kompetencję leksykalną
The author discusses the role of texts in developing reading and speaking skills. She uses criminal fiction as an exemplary text and suggests some exercises, which are meant to help develop the skill of reading, the lexical competence, and to increase vocabulary range.
Media audiowizualne na lekcji języka obcego na przykładzie reportażu telewizyjnego
In the era of multimedia, our life is dominated by information, which we receive from different kinds of sources such as television, radio or the Internet. The prevalence of the Internet contributes to rapid exchange of information between representatives of the same or different cultures. The Internet is also a rich source of television and radio broadcasts and movies in foreign languages which can be used in teaching and learning foreign languages. The use of these kinds of materials allows to show the linguistic and cultural reality of the native speakers form a wide perspective. It influences the motivation of learners and makes lessons more attractive.
Kompetencja komunikacyjna a gatunek – o relacji internetowej na żywo
The terms communicative competence, pragmatic competence and sociolinguistic competence are widely known. The textual competence, on the other hand, is somewhat marginalized by the specialists. The author of the article attempts to define the relations between the aforementioned types of competence. She also points out to a process connected to the textual competence, which is the process of preparing a student to perceive/produce a certain genre. The online live sports coverage serves as an example of such a genre.
Analiza interakcyjna jako narzędzie opisu dyskursu medialnego
The author presents the way inteactive analysis can be used as a means (mode, tool) of discriminate various types of discourse. Ahe understands the interaction as the coordination of the interlocutors, their cooperation and mutual adjustment in the process of dialog construction. The aim of the article is to describe the most important interactional conditionings in the political discourse in the mass media. According to the author‟s research, these include the public character of the interaction, the social roles of the interlocutors and the mass character of communication.
Nauczyć prośby: zagadnienia interferencji językowo-kulturowej w nauczaniu języka polskiego jako obcego w środowisku rosyjskojęzycznym
The article deals with the issues of teaching the genre of the polite request to Russianspeaking students. The author underlines that in spite of the fact that Polish and Russian are rather close to each other while being the Slavonic languages, there still remains more differences than similarities in this domain. For example, there is no absolute similarity between the Polish proszę and the Russian прошу. The author analyzes the textbooks for teaching Polish as a second language and arrives to the conclusion that most of them teach only one type of the request formula, which proves to be not as neutral and universal as we used to think. The final part of the article contains the author‟s suggestions concerning the ways to introduce more diverse formulas of the Polish polite request to the material being taught.
Językowy świat polskiej polityki jako materiał dydaktyczny na lekcji języka polskiego jako obcego
The language of politicians, when used as authentic teaching material, can help to develop communicative competence. Working with text of politicians requires the teacher to have courage and tact, because the texts are often full of aggression. Frequently, they are also persuasive speech, which can be used to teach persuasive communication. Based on the text of politicians and the persuasion process schema, students can independently create persuasive statements. Politics is a part of culture and national identity, thus learning the language of politics supports the development of sociocultural competence.
Polszczyzna z zagranicy w programach telewizyjnych (kompetencja komunikacyjna celebrytów)
Artykuł dotyczy kompetencji komunikacyjnej osób występujących w polskiej telewizji, dla których język polski nie jest językiem funkcjonalnie pierwszym. Ich sprawność językowa została poddana analizie na czterech poziomach: systemowym, społecznym, sytuacyjnym i pragmatycznym. W badaniach uwzględniono specyfikę komunikacji telewizyjnej. Część analityczna pracy prowadzi do wniosków na temat znaczenia kompetencji komunikacyjnej dla kreowania wizerunku osób występujących w telewizji.